Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Perfektionismus stellt einen wichtigen transdiagnostischen prädisponierenden sowie aufrechterhaltenden Faktor bei einer Reihe psychischer Störungen dar. Zudem kann Perfektionismus die Behandlung psychischer Störungen erschweren und zu Behandlungsresistenz beitragen. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden verhaltenstherapeutische Ansätze zur Reduktion perfektionistischer Muster erläutert. Zudem wird auf Besonderheiten der therapeutischen Beziehungsgestaltung sowie auf die Ätiologie und mögliche Funktionalitäten perfektionistischer Muster eingegangen. Zusammenfassung: Die Wirksamkeit klassisch kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischer Interventionen für die Reduktion von Perfektionismus wurde in einer Reihe von Studien nachgewiesen. Neuere Untersuchungen zeigen zudem den (potentiellen) Nutzen von Interventionen, die der dritten Welle der Verhaltenstherapie zuzuordnen sind (wie achtsamkeitsbasierte, schematherapeutische oder selbstmitgefühlbasierte Ansätze) – jedoch besteht hier noch ein Mangel an Studien mit ausreichender methodischer Qualität. Kernaussage: Zwar stehen zur Behandlung von Perfektionismus eine Reihe verschiedener verhaltenstherapeutischer Ansätze zur Verfügung, doch sollten zukünftige Studien verstärkt untersuchen, welche Interventionen sich bei welchen Patient*innen-Charakteristika als besonders indiziert zeigen.
Journal Section:
Übersichtsarbeit / Review Article
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