Der an Niereninsuffizienz leidende Patient ist im prädialytischen Stadium und unter chronischer Hämodialyse durch verschiedene Stoffwechselentgleisungen gefährdet: Retention von Harnstoff und anderen stickstoffhaltigen Metaboliten, Katabolie, Azidose, Hyper-und Dehydratation, Hyper- und Hypotonie, Hyperkaliämie, renale Osteopathie und renale Anämie. Bei adäquater diätetischer Bilanzierung und durch Dialysebehandlung ist das urämische Koma vermeidbar. Besondere Bedeutung kommt dem Proteingehalt der Nahrung und der Zufuhr von essentiellen Aminosäuren zu. Bei Hämodialysepatienten werden Störungen im Eiweiß- und Aminosäurenstoffwechsel beobachtet, die einerseits als Mangelsymptom essentieller Nahrungsbestandteile, andererseits als Zeichen der chronischen Stoffwechselentgleisung des Urämikers gedeutet werden können.

Keywords:
Präterminale Niereninsuffizienz, Hämodialyse, Diätetik, Eiweißstoffwechsel, Essentielle Aminosäuren
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© 1977 S. Karger AG, Basel
1977
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