Anthropometrie ist definiert als die vergleichende Vermessung und Untersuchung des menschlichen Körpers. Anthropometrische Messungen werden seit vielen Jahren zur Bestimmung des Ernährungszustands einzelner oder von Populationen in den Vereinigten Staaten durchgeführt. Neuerlich werden anthropometrische Messungen als Routinebestandteil der Ernährungszustandsbestimmung bei chirurgischen Patienten angewandt. Oberarm-Anthropometrie und Hand-griff-Dynamometrie sind schnelle und wenig aufwendige Tests zur Feststellung einer Mangelernährung, aber als präoperatives Screening zur Vorhersage der postoperativen Morbidität sind sie in Ermangelung geeigneter Standards in Europa ungeeignet. In einer prospektiven Studie hatte keine dieser präoperativ bestimmten Variablen eine prognostische Aussage zu postoperativen Komplikationen, bezogen auf die Spezifität, Sensibilität und Validität der Methode.

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