In einer prospektiv randomisierten Studie wurde an 60 Patienten geprüft, inwieweit Unterschiede zwischen enteraler und parenteraler Ernährung zu beobachten sind, wenn man die ernährungsphysiologisch wichtigen kurzlebigen Proteine, die für die Infektabwehr wichtigen Gammaglobuline und klinische Parameter vergleicht. Sowohl das Präalbumin, das Fibronectin als auch das Transferrin erholte sich bei enteral ernährten Patienten postoperativ schneller als bei parenteraler Ernährung. Damit korreliert sehr gut ein geringer postoperativer Gewichtsverlust in der Gruppe der enteral ernährten Patienten. Von den immunologischen Parametern ist nur das IgM auffällig, welches bei enteraler Ernährung starker ansteigt als nach parenteraler. Damit im Zusammenhang scheint eine Häufung von postoperativen Infektionen zu stehen, die in der parenteral ernährten Gruppe beobachtet wurden.

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