...Lydia Grmai; Caitlin Pozmanter; Mark Van Doren Background: The establishment of male or female identity (sex determination) is essential for creating the anatomical, physiological, and behavioral differences between 2 sexes of the same species (sexual dimorphism). In many organisms, including...

... to in the content or advertisements. 2022 Caenorhabditis elegans Germ cell Nematode Reproduction Sex determination NIH The world teems with multicellular life, and even today new forms are evolving from unicellular ancestors [Kirk, 2005]. A critical trait shared by almost all...

... question remained: What somatic cell signals actually induce the sexual differentiation of germ cells and what is the sex determinant in germ cells? Summary: In vitro experiments demonstrated that 2 somatic signals (BMP and RA) act directly on germ cells to induce oogonia. Therefore, these 2 signals may...

...Qiaowei Pan; Amaury Herpin; Yann Guiguen Background: The anti-müllerian hormone (Amh) pathway is crucial for sexual development in teleosts. A male-specific duplicate of anti-müllerian hormone ( amhby ) was previously identified as the northern pike ( Esox lucius ) master sex determination gene...

...Liang Zhao; Ella Thomson; Ee T. Ng; Enya Longmuss; Terje Svingen; Stefan Bagheri-Fam; Alexander Quinn; Vincent R. Harley; Leonard C. Harrison; Emanuele Pelosi; Peter Koopman Introduction: Sex determination in eutherian mammals is controlled by the Y-linked gene Sry , which drives the formation...

... as the germline sex determination gene in a gonochoristic fish, medaka ( Oryzias latipes ). foxl3 loss-of-function ( foxl3 −/− ) females produce functional sperm as well as eggs in the ovary. However, these two gametes are not self-fertilizing because of the histological separation of each gamete production...

..., respectively. Research on sex determination has been mostly focused on the identification of sex determination genes, the majority of which encode for proteins and specifically transcription factors such as SOX9 in the testes and FOXL2 in the ovaries. Our understanding of which factors may be critical for sex...

...Shannon Dupont; Blanche Capel At embryonic day (E) 10.5, prior to gonadal sex determination, XX and XY gonads are bipotential and able to differentiate into either a testis or an ovary. At this point, they are transcriptionally and morphologically indistinguishable. Sex determination begins around...

...Meshi Ridnik; Stefan Schoenfelder; Nitzan Gonen Sex determination is the process by which an initial bipotential gonad adopts either a testicular or ovarian cell fate. The inability to properly complete this process leads to a group of developmental disorders classified as disorders of sex...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Long non-coding RNA microRNA Non-coding RNA PIWI-interacting RNA Sex determination Sex differentiation Mammalian genomes contain long extensions of non-coding...

...Isabel Gómez-Redondo; Benjamín Planells; Paula Navarrete; Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán During the process of sex determination, a germ-cell-containing undifferentiated gonad is converted into either a male or a female reproductive organ. Both the composition of sex chromosomes and the environment...

... to in the content or advertisements. Gonad Homeobox Infertility Ovary Puberty Sex determination Testis Uterus Disorders of sex development (DSD) are defined as congenital conditions where the chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex is atypical [Hughes et al., 2006; Lee et al., 2006, 2016...

...Jonika Edgecombe; Lara Urban; Erica V. Todd; Neil J. Gemmell Sex determination and differentiation varies widely across vertebrates, but is most dramatically diverse in fishes. Among fishes sex reversal and sex change are observed in 41 teleost families spanning 7 orders. These sex-changing fish...

...Carlos A. Strüssmann; Yoji Yamamoto; Ricardo S. Hattori; Juan I. Fernandino; Gustavo M. Somoza Atheriniform fishes have recently emerged as attractive models for evolutionary, ecological, and molecular/physiological studies on sex determination. Many species in this group have marked temperature...

...Francesc Piferrer; Dafni Anastasiadi Sex determination systems in vertebrates vary along a continuum from genetic (GSD) to environmental sex determination (ESD). Individuals that show a sexual phenotype opposite to their genotypic sex are called sex reversals. Aside from genetic elements...

... to in the content or advertisements. 2020 Comparative genomics Development Evolution Gonad development Gonadal differentiation Oestradiol treatment Sex determination Disorders of sex development are common birth abnormalities in humans that affect 1.7% of live births [Fausto-Sterling, 2000...

... responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Ambiguous genitalia Diagnosis Disorders of sex development Neonates Sex determination Sex differentiation Ambiguous genitalia affect...

...César Francisco Díaz Casana; Dan Erick Vivas Ruíz; Gustavo Adolfo Sandoval Peña; Pedro Jorge Chimoy Effio The use of accurate and reliable techniques for sex determination of wild birds is of special importance in captive breeding programs, especially in birds with monogamous, aggressive behavior...

... determination The molecular mechanism of sex determination and gonadal differentiation among vertebrates is best understood in mammals, and since the organogenesis of the urogenital system follows a similar pattern throughout the class vertebrata, studies on sex determination in lower vertebrates draw...

...Arisa Tanaka; Fugaku Aoki; Masataka G. Suzuki The transformer ( tra ) gene, which is a female-determining master gene in the housefly Musca domestica , acts as a memory device for sex determination via its auto-regulatory function, i.e., through the contribution of the TRA protein to female...