...-stimulating agents. Materials and Methods: Using the hanging drop method, DPCs self-organized into spheroid shape, mirroring the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the DP in vivo. DP analogs were treated with established substances against AGA (minoxidil and caffeine) compared to HIF-1α-stimulating agents...

...N. Boyera; I. Galey; B.A. Bernard Minoxidil is the most used drug with proved effects in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA), but little is known about its pharmacological activity and target cells in hair follicles. As AGA is characterized by follicle atrophy, accelerated hair cycles...

...Arthur R. Diani; Kathy L. Skull; Matthew J. Zaya; Marshall N. Brunden The purpose of this study was to determine if the penetration enhancer SEPA TM (2-n-nonyl-1,3-dioxolane) would augment the scalp hair growth effects of topical minoxidil in the balding stumptail macaque. A 1-in 2 area...

...Sotaro Kurata; Hideo Uno; Lynn Allen-Hoffmann Our previous studies revealed that topical minoxidil induced an increased rate of DNA synthesis in both dermal papilla and follicular germinal cells in early anagen and bulbar matrix as well as outer root sheath and perifollicular fibrocytic cells...

...Yann F. Mahé; Bruno Buan; Bruno A. Bernard It has been previously reported that minoxidil inhibits the activity of lysyl hydroxylase (LH), an enzyme which catalyzes the formation of hydroxylysine, which is necessary for proper maturation of collagen at the transcriptional and enzymatic levels...

...Allen E. Buhl; Thomas T. Kawabe; Donald K. MacCallum; Daniel J. Waldon; Karen A. Knight; Garland A. Johnson To identify minoxidil target cells in hair follicles we followed the uptake of radiolabeled drug in mouse vibrissae follicles both in vitro and in vivo. Autoradiography showed that both 3 H...

... on this gradient. Mouse vibrissae were cultured with or without either minoxidil or pinacidil, and human scalp follicles were cultured with or without epidermal growth factor. Anagen vibrissa and scalp follicles were dissected and placed in culture for 4 h to 4 days, then fixed in a solution containing lanthanum...

...J.-C. Tsai; N. Weiner; G.L. Flynn; J.J. Ferry The cutaneous bioavailability of topical 2% minoxidil solution was verified in live hairless mice. Minoxidil and propy-lene glycol deposition on the skin surface, epidermis and der-mis from the single-dose in vivo study were compared with the results...

... containing 2% 3 H-minoxidil dissolved in 60% ethanol, 20% water and 20% 14 C-propylene glycol. The permeation of pro-pylene glycol was effectively halted upon cleansing the skin surface; the skin had very little reservoir capacity for this substance. However, the rate of delivery of minoxidil was only slowed...