Superficial mycosis, a common fungal infection affecting people worldwide are prevalent in the tropical and subtropical countries, mostly caused by the dermatophytes but nowadays, there is an increase in the incidence of these infections being caused by non-dermatophytic fungi and yeasts. Among non-dermatophytes, Bipolaris species, usually known to cause diseases in plants, have also emerged as potent human pathogens in the past years. Reports on Bipolaris species associated with clinical human skin samples are rare worldwide with no reports on B. cynodontis as a causal agent of superficial human skin mycoses from India. We report the first case of superficial mycosis caused by B. cynodontis that affected the feet of a 19-year-old female student from Jammu district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Thus, the causal agent described in the research communication constitutes a new addition to the list of pathogenic non-dermatophytes associated with human skin.

1.
Abu-Elteen
KH
,
Hamad
MA
.
Changing epidemiology of classical and emerging human fungal infections: a review
.
Jordan J Biol Sci
.
2012
;
5
:
215
30
.
2.
Ameen
MM
.
Epidemiology of superficial fungal infections
.
Clin Dermatol
.
2010
;
28
(
2
):
197
201
. .
3.
Sivanesan
A
.
Graminicolous species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, Drechslera, Exserohilum and their teleomorphs
.
Mycol Pap
.
1987
;
158
:
1
261
.
4.
da Cunha
KC
,
Sutton
DA
,
Fothergill
AW
,
Cano
J
,
Gene
J
,
Madrid
H
, et al.
Diversity of Bipolaris species in clinical samples in the United States and their antifungal susceptibility profiles
.
J Clin Microbiol
.
2012
;
50
:
4061
6
.
5.
Manamgoda
DS
,
Rossman
AY
,
Castlebury
LA
,
Crous
PW
,
Madrid
H
,
Chukeatirote
E
, et al.
The genus Bipolaris
.
Stud Mycol
.
2014
;
79
:
221
88
. .
6.
Dasgupta
S
,
Saha
D
,
Saha
A
.
Levels of common antigens in determining pathogenicity of Curvularia eragrostidis in different tea varieties
.
J Appl Microbiol
.
2014
;
98
(
5
):
1084
92
. .
7.
Filizzola
MJ
,
Martinez
F
,
Rauf
SJ
.
Phaeohyphomycosis of the central nervous system in immunocompetent hosts: report of a case and review of the literature
.
Int J Infect Dis
.
2003
;
7
(
4
):
282
6
. .
8.
Hamilton
BG
,
Humphreys
CW
,
Conner
WC
,
Hospenthal
DR
.
Allergic bronchopulmonary disease secondary to Bipolaris spicifera
.
J Bronchol
.
2006
;
13
(
2
):
77
9
. .
9.
Bashir
G
,
Hussain
W
,
Rizvi
A
.
Bipolaris hawaiiensis keratomycosis and endophthalmitis
.
Mycopathologia
.
2009
;
167
(
1
):
51
3
. .
10.
Fryen
A
,
Mayser
P
,
Glanz
H
,
Füssle
R
,
Breithaupt
H
,
de Hoog
GS
.
Allergic fungal sinusitis caused by Bipolaris (Drechslera) hawaiiensis
.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
.
1999
;
256
(
7
):
330
4
. .
11.
El Khizzi
N
,
Bakheshwai
S
,
Parvez
S
.
Bipolaris: a plant pathogen causing human infections: an emerging problem in Saudi Arabia
.
Res J of Microbiol
.
2010
;
5
(
3
):
212
7
. .
12.
Revankar
SG
,
Sutton
DA
.
Melanized fungi in human disease
.
Clin Microbiol Rev
.
2010
;
23
(
4
):
884
928
. .
13.
Sambrook
J
,
Fritschi
EF
,
Maniatis
T
.
Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual
.
New York
:
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
;
1989
.
14.
Boratyn
GM
,
Camacho
C
,
Cooper
PS
,
Coulouris
G
,
Fong
A
,
Ma
N
, et al.
BLAST: a more efficient report with usability improvements
.
Nucleic Acids Res
.
2013
;
41
(
Web Server issue
):
W29
33
. .
15.
Straka
BF
,
Cooper
PH
,
Body
BA
.
Cutaneous Bipolaris spicifera infection
.
Arch Dermatol
.
1989
;
125
(
10
):
1383
6
. .
16.
Robb
CW
,
Malouf
PJ
,
Rapini
RP
.
Four cases of dermatomycosis: superficial cutaneous infection by Alternaria or Bipolaris
.
Cutis
.
2003
;
72
(
4
):
313
9
.
17.
Shafii
SM
,
Donate
G
,
Mannari
RJ
,
Payne
WG
,
Robson
MC
.
Diagnostic dilemmas: cutaneous fungal Bipolaris infection
.
Wounds
.
2006
;
2006
(
18
):
19
24
.
18.
Nath
R
,
Barua
S
,
Barman
J
,
Swargiary
P
,
Borgohain
M
,
Saikia
L
.
Subcutaneous mycosis due to Cladosporium cladosporioides and Bipolaris cynodontis from Assam, North-East India and review of published literature
.
Mycopathol
.
2015
;
180
:
379
87
.
19.
Aggarwal
A
,
Arora
U
,
Khanna
S
.
Clinical and mycological study of superficial mycoses in Amritsar
.
Indian J Dermatol
.
2002
;
47
:
218
20
.
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.