Abstract
Background: The frequency of different types of alopecia is not clearly reported in recent studies. Objective: To analyze the frequency of the types of alopecia in patients consulting at specialist hair clinics (SHC) and to assess for global variations. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study including data from patients evaluated at referral SHC in Europe, America, Africa and Australia. Results: A total of 2,835 patients (72.7% females and 27.3% males) with 3,133 diagnoses of alopecia were included (73% were non-cicatricial and 27% were cicatricial alopecias). In all, 57 different types of alopecia were characterized. The most frequent type was androgenetic alopecia (AGA) (37.7%), followed by alopecia areata (AA) (18.2%), telogen effluvium (TE) (11.3%), frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) (10.8%), lichen planopilaris (LPP) (7.6%), folliculitis decalvans (FD) (2.8%), discoid lupus (1.9%) and fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) (1.8%). There was a male predominance in patients with acne keloidalis nuchae, dissecting cellulitis and FD, and female predominance in traction alopecia, central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, FFA, TE, FAPD and LPP. Conclusion: AGA followed by AA and TE were the most frequent cause of non-cicatricial alopecia, while FFA was the most frequent cause of cicatricial alopecia in all studied geographical areas.
References
1.
Salman
KE
, Altunay
IK
, Kucukunal
NA
, Cerman
AA
. Frequency, severity and related factors of androgenetic alopecia in dermatology outpatient clinic: hospital-based cross-sectional study in Turkey
. An Bras Dermatol
. 2017
Jan-Feb
;92
(1
):35
–40
.
[PubMed]
0365-05962.
Gan
DCC
, Sinclair
RD
. Prevalence of male and female pattern hair loss in Maryborough. J Investig dermatology Symp Sinclair Aust Proc. 2005
;10(3):184-189. doi:.3.
Kaliyadan
F
, Nambiar
A
, Vijayaraghavan
S
. Androgenetic alopecia: an update
. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol
. 2013
Sep-Oct
;79
(5
):613
–25
.
[PubMed]
0378-63234.
Dainichi
T
, Kabashima
K
. Alopecia areata: what’s new in epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic options?
J Dermatol Sci
. 2017
Apr
;86
(1
):3
–12
.
[PubMed]
0923-18115.
Headington
JT
. Cicatricial alopecia
. Dermatol Clin
. 1996
Oct
;14
(4
):773
–82
. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9238335
[PubMed]
0733-86356.
Otberg
N
, Wu
WY
, McElwee
KJ
, Shapiro
J
. Diagnosis and management of primary cicatricial alopecia: part I. Skinmed. 7(1):19-26. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18174797. Accessed June 10, 2018.7.
Bolduc
C
, Sperling
LC
, Shapiro
J
. Primary cicatricial alopecia: other lymphocytic primary cicatricial alopecias and neutrophilic and mixed primary cicatricial alopecias
. J Am Acad Dermatol
. 2016
Dec
;75
(6
):1101
–17
.
[PubMed]
0190-96228.
Holmes
S
. Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
. Skin Therapy Lett
. 2016
Jul
;21
(4
):5
–7
. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27388531
[PubMed]
1201-59899.
Vañó-Galván
S
, Molina-Ruiz
AM
, Serrano-Falcón
C
, Arias-Santiago
S
, Rodrigues-Barata
AR
, Garnacho-Saucedo
G
, et al Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a multicenter review of 355 patients
. J Am Acad Dermatol
. 2014
Apr
;70
(4
):670
–8
.
[PubMed]
0190-962210.
Pindado-Ortega
C
, Saceda-Corralo
D
, Buendía-Castaño
D
, Fernández-González
P
, Moreno-Arrones
ÓM
, Fonda-Pascual
P
, et al Prescribing Habits for Androgenic Alopecia Among Dermatologists in Spain in 2017: A Cross-Sectional Study
. Actas Dermosifiliogr
. 2018
Jul - Aug
;109
(6
):536
–42
.
[PubMed]
0001-731011.
Strazzulla
LC
, Wang
EH
, Avila
L
, Lo Sicco
K
, Brinster
N
, Christiano
AM
, et al Alopecia areata: disease characteristics, clinical evaluation, and new perspectives on pathogenesis
. J Am Acad Dermatol
. 2018
Jan
;78
(1
):1
–12
.
[PubMed]
0190-962212.
Mirzoyev
SA
, Schrum
AG
, Davis
MD
, Torgerson
RR
. Lifetime incidence risk of alopecia areata estimated at 2.1% by Rochester Epidemiology Project, 1990-2009
. J Invest Dermatol
. 2014
Apr
;134
(4
):1141
–2
.
[PubMed]
0022-202X13.
García-Hernández
MJ
, Camacho
FM
. Chronic telogen effluvium: incidence, clinical and biochemical features, and treatment
. Arch Dermatol
. 1999
Sep
;135
(9
):1123
–4
. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10490125
[PubMed]
0003-987X14.
Bolduc
C
, Sperling
LC
, Shapiro
J
. Primary cicatricial alopecia: lymphocytic primary cicatricial alopecias, including chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, lichen planopilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia, and Graham-Little syndrome
. J Am Acad Dermatol
. 2016
Dec
;75
(6
):1081
–99
.
[PubMed]
0190-962215.
Vañó-Galván
S
, Molina-Ruiz
AM
, Fernández-Crehuet
P
, Rodrigues-Barata
AR
, Arias-Santiago
S
, Serrano-Falcón
C
, et al Folliculitis decalvans: a multicentre review of 82 patients
. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
. 2015
Sep
;29
(9
):1750
–7
.
[PubMed]
0926-995916.
Soares
VC
, Mulinari-Brenner
F
, Souza
TE
. Lichen planopilaris epidemiology: a retrospective study of 80 cases
. An Bras Dermatol
. 2015
Sep-Oct
;90
(5
):666
–70
.
[PubMed]
0365-059617.
Segurado-Miravalles
G
, Camacho-Martínez
FM
, Arias-Santiago
S
, Serrano-Falcón
C
, Serrano-Ortega
S
, Rodrigues-Barata
R
, et al Epidemiology, clinical presentation and therapeutic approach in a multicentre series of dissecting cellulitis of the scalp
. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
. 2017
Apr
;31
(4
):e199
–200
.
[PubMed]
0926-995918.
Zinkernagel
MS
, Trüeb
RM
. Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution: patterned lichen planopilaris or androgenetic alopecia with a lichenoid tissue reaction pattern?
Arch Dermatol
. 2000
Feb
;136
(2
):205
–11
. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10677097
[PubMed]
0003-987X19.
Meinhard
J
, Stroux
A
, Lünnemann
L
, Vogt
A
, Blume-Peytavi
U.
Lichen planopilaris: Epidemiology and prevalence of subtypes - a retrospective analysis in 104 patients. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2014
;12(3):229-235, 229-236. doi:.20.
Na
K
, Oh
SH
, Kim
SK
. Acne keloidalis nuchae in Asian: A single institutional experience. Oiso N, ed. PLoS One. 2017
;12(12):e0189790. doi:21.
Tan
E
, Martinka
M
, Ball
N
, Shapiro
J
. Primary cicatricial alopecias: clinicopathology of 112 cases
. J Am Acad Dermatol
. 2004
Jan
;50
(1
):25
–32
.
[PubMed]
0190-962222.
Whiting
DA
. Cicatricial alopecia: clinico-pathological findings and treatment
. Clin Dermatol
. 2001
Mar-Apr
;19
(2
):211
–25
. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11397600
[PubMed]
0738-081X23.
Lamb
RC
, Young
D
, Holmes
S
. Retrospective review of diphencyprone in the treatment of alopecia areata
. Clin Exp Dermatol
. 2016
Jun
;41
(4
):352
–8
.
[PubMed]
0307-693824.
Griffin
LL
, Michaelides
C
, Griffiths
CE
, Paus
R
, Harries
MJ
. Primary cicatricial alopecias: a U.K. survey
. Br J Dermatol
. 2012
Sep
;167
(3
):694
–7
.
[PubMed]
0007-096325.
Katoulis
AC
, Diamanti
K
, Sgouros
D
, Liakou
AI
, Bozi
E
, Avgerinou
G
, et al Is there a pathogenetic link between frontal fibrosing alopecia, androgenetic alopecia and fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution?
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
. 2018
Jun
;32
(6
):e218
–20
.
[PubMed]
0926-995926.
Mardones
F
, Hott
K
, Martinez
MC
. Clinical study of fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution in a Latin American population
. Int J Dermatol
. 2018
Feb
;57
(2
):e12
–4
.
[PubMed]
0011-905927.
Saceda-Corralo
D
, Pindado-Ortega
C
, Moreno-Arrones
ÓM
, Fernández-González
P
, Rodrigues-Barata
AR
, Jaén-Olasolo
P
, et al Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
. JAMA Dermatol
. 2018
Apr
;154
(4
):479
–80
.
[PubMed]
2168-606828.
Jun
M
, Keum
DI
, Lee
S
, Kim
BJ
, Lee
WS
. Quality of Life with Alopecia Areata versus Androgenetic Alopecia Assessed Using Hair Specific Skindex-29
. Ann Dermatol
. 2018
Jun
;30
(3
):388
–91
.
[PubMed]
1013-9087© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel
2019
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.
