Introdução: Pretendeu-se conhecer a desigual distribuição dos indivíduos que apresentam incapacidades funcionais ligadas à audição, à visão e ao andar no espaço suburbano de Lisboa. Métodos: A articulação entre variáveis e unidades territoriais resultou numa tipologia que ajuda a diferenciar estes territórios e, finalmente, permitiu a criação de uma cartografia suburbana que relaciona, nas áreas mais problemáticas, episódios de incapacidade funcional e urbanismo. Resultados: Das 40 variáveis recolhidas verificou-se que com apenas oito foi possível descrever a realidade das 26 freguesias que apresentam uma taxa de risco bastante acima da média na concentração de pessoas com dificuldades funcionais. Estas freguesias estão assimetricamente distribuídas: 10 no norte e 16 no sul da Área Metropolitana. A aplicação da análise de clusters permitiu diferenciar estas freguesias em quatro tipos distintos: polarizador e envelhecido; desqualificado e residencial; antigo e rural; pouco acessível e diverso. Conclusão: Considera-se que os resultados obtidos a partir da investigação desenvolvida contribuem para o reforço do conhecimento do efeito acelerador ou inibidor do urbanismo na integração de populações com incapacidades funcionais e para a formulação de políticas urbanas mais adequadas, eficazes mas também diferenciadas, visando a inclusão sociourbana destes indivíduos.

Keywords:
Subúrbios, Incapacidade funcional, Urbanismo, Planeamento urbano

Introduction: In this article, the unequal distribution of individuals with functional disabilities linked to hearing, vision, and walking in the suburban area of Lisbon was studied. Methods: The relationship between variables and territorial units resulted in a typology that helps differentiate these territories and, finally, allowed the creation of a map of the suburbs that correlates episodes of functional disability and urbanism in the troubled areas. Results: From the 40 variables collected, only 8 were able to describe the reality of the 26 parishes that present a risk rate well above the average concentration of people with functional difficulties. These parishes are asymmetrically distributed: 10 in the north and 16 in the south of the metropolitan area. The methodology of cluster analysis allowed differentiating these parishes into 4 different types: polarizer and aging; disqualified and residential; old and rural; less accessible and diverse. Conclusion: We consider that the results obtained from the developed research may contribute to further the knowledge of the effects of urbanism as a factor in promoting or inhibiting the integration of people with functional disabilities, and thus in the design of more appropriate, effective but also differentiated urban policies aimed at the social and urban inclusion of these individuals.

Keywords Suburbs, Functional disabilities, Urbanism, Urban planning

Keywords:
Subúrbios, Incapacidade funcional, Urbanismo, Planeamento urbano
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© 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel on behalf of Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública
2017
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