Human Papilloma Virus-Related Oral Mucosal Lesions in Turkey: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiological agent of a variety of oral mucosal benign and pre/malignant lesions, which demonstrate a wide range of prevalence according to geographic regions. Material and Methods: This study specifically examined the typing of HPV-associated oral mucosal lesions in Turkish patients. The DNA from FFPE blocks of 228 lesions was utilized for this purpose. A total of 87 oral mucosal lesions were classified as benign, 68 as premalignant, and 73 as malignant. DNA from these lesions was amplified using polymerase chain reaction, and genotypes were identified using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). Results: HPV-DNA was identified in 17 out of 228 patients, indicating a prevalence incidence of 7.4%. In benign oral lesions, the prevalence of HPV-DNA was 9.2% (8/87 cases), whereas in premalignant, oral epithelial dysplasia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions, it was 6.9% (9/141 cases). A significant statistical difference was found between patients who tested positive for HPV and those who tested negative in terms of the location of the lesion and the age of the patients (p = 0.0097, p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusions: This study underscores the considerable prevalence of HPV infection in oral mucosal lesions among individuals in Central Anatolia, Turkey.