.... Oropharyngeal cancer Robotic surgery Transoral route Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) was initially conceived for oropharyngeal cancer. The traditional treatment for this primary site, until the turn of the millennium, had been open surgery; however, reports suggesting lack of benefit from open...

... is defined by an Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index (AHI) of greater than 5 h –1 and graded as mild (AHI: 5–15 h –1 ), moderate (AHI: 15–30 h –1 ), and severe (AHI >30 h –1 ) accordingly [ 2 ]. Obstructive sleep apnoea Hypopnoea Palate Tongue base Epiglottis Hypopharynx Transoral route Robotic surgery...

... surgery Transoral route Image guidance Augmented reality This review builds on recent appraisals [ 1 ] of the state of the art, covering 4 main areas of interest: image guidance using pre-operative imaging alone, real-time intra-operative fluorescence imaging, deformable registration based...

... operating as part of a multidisciplinary robotic team in specialised centres. Novel robotic approaches utilising the retroauricular and transoral routes for thyroidectomy have recently been described but further studies are required to establish their respective role in modern thyroid surgery. g.garas...