In medicine, biomarkers are a metric for disease state. More generally, a biomarker is anything that can be used as an indicator for a particular disease state or any physiological state of an organism. Here, we introduce functional and molecular biomarkers that are useful for categorizing defined subtypes of hearing disorder, which can help to selectively trace a particular dysfunction of the inner ear and the auditory pathway to disease.

Keywords:
Molecular and functional biomarkers, Hearing dysfunction, Outer hair cells, Auditory nerve, Auditory brainstem response, Distortion product otoacoustic emission, Body fluids, Audiometry, Functional MRI
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