Purpose: To define unmet needs in ophthalmology that can realistically be addressed in the next 5 years (2019–2025) and describe potential avenues for research to address these challenges. Methods: Outcomes of a consensus process within the European Vision institute (Brussels) are outlined. Disease areas that are discussed comprise glaucoma, retinal dystrophies, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye disease, corneal diseases, cataract and refractive surgery. Results: Unmet needs in the mentioned disease areas are discussed and realistically achievable research projects outlined. Conclusions: Considerable progress can be made in the ophthalmic field and patient-relevant outcomes in the near future.

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