After the technical data for our equipment were determined investigations were made for the chemical determination of diagnostic ultrasound intensities (Kretz pulse-echo equipment, series 7000, transducers Kretz NM 4/5 K. and LB 8/5 with 4.6 and ≈ 8 MHz resonance frequency), which lead to the following results: (1) after 1–4 h of exposure of a 10 m NH4NO3 solution in Perspex cylinders, surrounded by air, nitrite ions were observed expressing a reduction; (2) for 4.6 MHz the formation of nitrite ions was proportional to the applied dose withinthe range of 1–4 h. For the nitrate reduction observed, the following causes must be taken into consideration. Effects of ultrasound on the NH4NO3 solution, probably by formation of reducing radicals, and/or ultrasound induced reactions between the participating materials and the NH4NO3 solution. The method may be used for chemical determination of low ultrasound intensities, for instance for medical diagnostic equipment. A review of the literature has not revealed any reports on chemical effects for pulse durations < 3 msec, especially for diagnostic ultrasound intensities and frequencies.

Keywords:
Diagnostic ultrasonography, Ultrasound pulses, Chemical effects, Chemical dosimetry, Ammonium nitrate solutions
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© 1973 S. Karger AG, Basel
1973
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