... more abundant in impulsive women. In contrast, the genus Catenisphaera was more abundant in non-impulsive women. Fecal tryptophan levels were significantly higher in impulsive women. Association analysis revealed a strong positive intercorrelation between most fecal SCFAs in the entire dataset...

... the positive subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) [ 30 ]. All clinical assessments were done by a psychiatrist in training (SvdA) and supervised by a psychiatrist (MM). Bipolar disorder Immune Inflammation Kynurenine Tryptophan Depression Apart from mood symptoms...

...Johanna M. Gostner; Simon Geisler; Marlies Stonig; Lisa Mair; Barbara Sperner-Unterweger; Dietmar Fuchs In the past, accelerated tryptophan breakdown was considered to be a feature of clinical conditions, such as infection, inflammation, and malignant disease. More recently, however, the focus has...

... concentrations of L-tryptophan (TRY) and increased L-kynurenine (KYN), or its metabolites, in the body fluids of subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD), sometimes in association with suicidal behavior. Such changes might indicate a shift of TRY away from serotonin production, possibly via the effects...

... the kynurenine (KYN) pathway that degrades tryptophan (TRP) is activated in various neuroinflammatory states, we aimed to determine whether this pathway is activated in ASD. Methods: Sixty-five pediatric ASD patients (including 52 boys) were enrolled from an epidemiological survey covering 2 counties in Norway...

... 7 onwards). Other scores did not show consistent changes. No consistent changes were observed in tryptophan, tryptophan/large neutral amino acids ratio, biopterin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. The tyrosine/large neutral amino acids ratio, neopterin, phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio, and prolactin...

...Yong-Ku Kim; Aye-Mu Myint; Robert Verkerk; Simon Scharpe; Harry Steinbusch; Brian Leonard Cytokine imbalances especially between T helper type (Th) 1 and Th2 and tryptophan breakdown were reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The hyperactive inflammatory response system...

...Rajiv P. Sharma; Lisa E. Shapiro; Savitri K. Kamath; Elizabeth A. Soll; Mark D. Watanabe; John M. Davis Because brain serotonin levels depend directly on the amounts of exogenous tryptophan (TRP) available for its synthesis, amounts of TRP in the diet may be manipulated to alter the corresponding...

...Adelio Lucca; Valentina Lucini; Marco Catalano; Massimo Alfano; Enrico Smeraldi The molar ratio of total plasma tryptophan (Trp) to the sum of the other large neutral amino acids (LNAAs), thought to reflect brain serotonin (5-HT) formation, was estimated in 47 patients with major depression...

...-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, platelet serotonin uptake and efflux, platelet monoamine oxidase and glutathione perixodase activities, and uric acid and plasma tryptophan, the origin(s) of such hyperserotonemia in autism appear(s) to be of metabolic origin, i.e., a decreased catabolism and/or an increased biosynthesis...

...M. Virkkunen; S. Närvänen Insulin activity in plasma and the concentrations of tryptophan and serotonin were measured during the glucose tolerance test (GTT) in habitually violent and impulsive male offenders and in psychiatric personnel as controls. Insulin was enhanced in the intermittent...

...H. Lehnert; J. Beyer; E. Cloer; I. Gutberlet; D.H. Hellhammer The effects of tryptophan in combination with two different diets (high-carbohydrate and high-protein diet) on behavioral parameters such as mood, sleep and performance were chronically studied in a group of 34 hypertensive patients...

...H. Quadbeck; E. Lehmann; J. Tegeler To check the hypothesis that combined treatment with tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan is superior to the administration of tryptophan on its own we studied three groups of 8 patients. One group received tryptophan, the second a tryptophan/5-hydroxytryptophan...

... to be clearly related to low levels of endorphins, 5-HIAA and homovanillic acid in CSF and to low serum-dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity, while no significant relationship was found with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethylene glycol or tryptophan in CSF or MAO in thrombocytes. The results indicate that an augmenter...

... abnormalities involved. Alzheimer’s disease Dementia Serotonin (5-HT) Aggressive behaviour Tryptophan Pharmacopsychiatry Neuropsychobiology 15: 133-142(1986) Alzheimer s Disease and Serotonin: A Review G. Mervyn Whitford Medical Department. E. Merck Ltd.. Alton. Hants, UK © 1986 S. Karger AG, Basel...

...Luigi Valzelli; Leszek Pawłowski The effect of p -chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) has been studied on the acquisition of avoidance learning and on brain concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and tryptophan of differentially housed male mice of Albino Swiss and DBA strains...

...P. Deniker; H. Loo; E. Zarifian; H. Cuche; K. Benyacoub; C. Escande; B. Bousquet; C. Dreux Many authors have stressed the role of serotonin in mood disorders and some aspects of schizophrenia. Cerebral serotonin synthesis depends on the quantity of circulating free tryptophan not bound to albumin...

...P. Bech; C. Kirkegaard; E. Bock; M. Johannesen; O.J. Rafaehen The concentrations of insulin and thyroid hormones, tryptophan, electrolytes, urea, plasma proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid, and glucose in blood and cerebrospinal fluid in manic-melancholic patients were studied. As control groups...

...R. Tissot; G. Castellanos; J.-M. Gaillard; E. Estrada; J.-J. Eisenring; B. Boleaga; A. Hyde; R. Miranda; T. Hovaguimian The uptake of tryptophan and tyrosine by the brain has been studied in 6 manic-depressive patients and in 8 schizophrenics. In an attempt to saturate the blood-brain transport...

... pairs, at least one member was medicated at the time of testing. The plasma of the children diagnosed as psychotic caused a significantly (p < 0.025) greater uptake of tryptophan by chicken red blood cells than did the serum of their control group. This is the same effect on tryptophan uptake...