...) to the amount of competitor RNA for both rat liver and splenocytes. However, rat liver contained 104 x 10 6 IGF-I molecules per microgram of total cellular RNA compared to only 2 x 10 6 IGF-I molecules for splenocytes. Competitive RT-PCR using as little as 0.5 µg cellular RNA, coupled with [Α- 32 P]dCTP...

.... Carbon monoxide Heme oxygenase Hemin Zn-protoporphyrin-9 Sn-protoporphyrin-9 Sn-mesoporphyrin-9 Guanylyl cyclase Cyclo-oxygenase Corticotropin-releasing hormone Vasopressin Oxytocin Luteinising hormone-releasing hormone Hypothalamus Rat ...

..., without degranulation, suggesting a role for nerves in modulating mast cell activity. We previously investigated the microanatomical relationships of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC with nerves and found extensive associations in the intestinal mucosae of rats and humans. The origins of nerves...

... that the animals have to face during the deprivation process. In this study, we analyzed the effects of short-term (24 h) and long-term (240 h) REM sleep deprivation on the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of rats. In addition, these effects were compared with those obtained after both...

...Giorgio Santoni; Consuelo Amantini; Roberta Lucciarini; Pierluigi Pompei; Marina Perfumi; Massimo Nabissi; Stefania Morrone; Mario Piccoli Herein, we provide evidence of the expression and function of substance P (SP) and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) in the rat thymus. In situ hybridization...

...Jasminka Stefulj; Sanjica Jakopec; Maja Osmak; Branimir Jernej Objective: The apoptogenic potential of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) on mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes was studied in primary cultures of rat spleen cells, in two sets of experiments. Methods: Apoptosis was measured by morphologic...

... of regulatory factors by salivary glands appears to be influenced by time-dependent factors. In this paper we examined this possibility directly by studying the role of submandibular salivary glands in the temporal profile of lypopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation in rats. Methods: The submandibular...

...Denise L. Bellinger; Sabine M. Brouxhon; Cheri Lubahn; Lily Tran; Joey I. Kang; David L. Felten; Dianne Lorton The existence of nerve fibers containing corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) immunoreactivity in primary and secondary lymphoid organs from three strains of young adult male rats...

... and central effects of Met-Enk on nonspecific immunity, open field behavior and pain perception in the rat. The results showed that 0.2 mg/kg of Met-Enk given intraperitoneally (i.p.) increased concanavalin A (Con-A)-induced paw edema and enhanced basal and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated H 2 O 2...

...Guanjie Chen; Robert S. McCuskey; Seymour Reichlin Following intracerebroventricular injection of LPS in rats, IL-6 and TNF-α appear in peripheral blood. To determine whether these changes are mediated by passage of the injected LPS from the brain to the blood, the time course of appearance...

... and the functional responses of the immune system. In the present study, Wistar rats were exposed to the highly potent cannabinoid agonist HU-210 (1, 5 and 25 μg/kg) during gestation and lactation and the ensuing effects on several endocrine and immune parameters of the adult male offspring were analyzed. Perinatal...

...Marcus Wenner; Noriyuki Kawamura; Toshio Ishikawa; Yoshihiro Matsuda In rats splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity was found to be significantly higher following chronic uncontrollable electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in fully conscious rats, compared to sham-operated rats...

... experiments assessed whether IS exposure would alter local inflammation produced by peripheral injection of streptomycin-killed bacteria. Rats (Harlan Sprague Dawley) were exposed to IS (100 1.6-mA, 60 s variable intertrial interval) and injected with Escherichia coli (∼2.5 × 10 8 CFU s.c. posterior...

...Hidemi Ohye; Makoto Sato; Koji Murao; Shuji Matsubara; Masaaki Tokuda; Jiro Takahara Although an immunosuppressant, FK506, has been known to stimulate growth hormone (GH) release from rat somatotropes, the cellular signaling mechanism is unknown. In the present study, intracellular signaling...

... to in the content or advertisements. Neuroimmunomodulation Paraventricular nucleus Spinal cord Oxytocin c-fos IL-1 Rat ...

...), and (3) natural killer cell activity (NKCA) in the spleen were studied in the Fischer 344 rat. Previous studies have demonstrated that the spread of this tumor cell is enhanced by exposure to an acute stressor within 24 h of tumor inoculation. Consistent with these reports, 72-hour food restriction after...

...Hajime Watanobe; Jiichi Anzai; Takeshi Nigawara; Satoshi Habu; Kazuo Takebe We examined the influence of gender and gonadectomy on the plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) response to intravenous administration of human recombinant interleukin (IL)-1β(3µg/kg) in the rat. For comparison, we also...

...Michio Niimi; Makoto Sato; Yoshinaru Wada; Jiro Takahara; Koichi Kawanishi Utilizing immunohistochemistry for the c- fos protein to detect neuronal activity, we examined the effects of continuous intravenous and intracerebroventricular infusion of interleukin (IL)-1βin the rat brain...

...Takakazu Oka; Yoshiyuki Wakugawa; Masako Hosoi; Kae Oka; Tetsuro Hori To investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the brain in nociception, we injected recombinant human TNF-α(rhTNF-α; 1 pg–10 ng/rat) into the lateral cerebroventricle (LCV) in rats and observed the changes in paw...