...), ACTH and corticosterone (B) levels were determined by specific assays. Plasma TNF, ACTH and B levels were significantly increased 2 h after the first LPS treatment (Dl). Although no significant increase in plasma TNF concentration was found 2 h after the third LPS injection (D3), the corticotrope...

... pattern of plasma ACTH, growth hormone (GH), prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) at 6 different time points within a 24-hour cycle in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: Groups of 6–8 rats kept under light from 08:00 to 20:00 h daily received 5 daily injections...

..., STAT-dependent POMC promoter activity and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion were determined. Results: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), human oncostatin M (OSM) and cardiotrophin (CT)-1 (LIFR/gp130 ligands), as well as ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and novel neurotrophin-1/B-cell...

... intravenously) effects on immunomodulatory hormone and cytokine release. Plasma interleukin-1β (IL-1β), prolactin (PRL), ACTH and corticosterone responses to ENDO after neurotoxic damage of neurons residing in the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) were studied in freely behaving male rats. Excitotoxic cell...

...Ana I. Esquifino; Manuel García Bonacho; Agustín Arce; Rodolfo A. Cutrera; Daniel P. Cardinali Objective: To analyze the 24-hour changes in thymic and serum concentration of growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and their correlation with thymic concentrations of glutamate, aspartate...

... and ACTH levels were evaluated. Additionally, functional assessment of peritoneal cells (PC) included the phagocytic and anticandidacidal activities and the production of H 2 O 2 and NO. Results: In the only infected animals (Ca), C. albicans colonization stimulated an efficient inflammatory response...

...-min rotation on natural killer (NK) cell activity and also to establish if changes in body temperature, proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) levels, and proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptide (ACTH and β-endorphin) levels parallel the changes in NK cell activity in mice. We found...

... (LPS) administration. For this purpose, 21-day-old male rats from both well-nourished (WN) and undernourished (UN) mothers were examined 2 h after injection (i.p.) of vehicle alone (VEH) or containing LPS (130 µg/kg BW). Circulating levels of glucose (GLU), ACTH, corticosterone (B), tumor necrosis...

... to be considered in the context of the marked cognitive/memory impairments, as well as the neuropsychiatric symptoms, which are associated with IL-2 immunotherapy in humans. 14 8 2000 Cytokine Interleukin-2 Norepinephrine Dopamine Serotonin Corticosterone ACTH © 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel...

... stimulate IL-6, the question arises as to whether the sex-steroid-induced suppression of the HPA response to endotoxin and IL-1 results solely from decreased IL-6 release, or whether other mediators are involved. Methods: We have therefore examined the ACTH and corticosterone responses to IL-6 in intact...

... of IL-18 mRNA in the glucocorticoid (GC)-producing cells of the adrenal cortex. In order to investigate the mechanisms governing the expression of IL-18 in the adrenal cortex, the effects of acute ACTH or chronic corticosterone treatment on the levels of IL-18 mRNA and protein were examined by in situ...

... ether-anesthetized. Four hours following laparotomy or craniotomy, serum adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and corticosterone (CS) were significantly increased and returned to almost basal levels after 24 h. Laparotomy also caused a significant depletion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH-41...

... on basal neuroendocrine, immune and adipocyte functions and during the acute-phase response to endotoxic shock in female rats. The effect of refeeding of undernourished rats on the above-mentioned functions was also investigated. For these purposes, plasma total protein, glucose, triglycerides, ACTH...

...) at various times after intraperitoneal LPS. The results indicate that IL-1ra at doses more than adequate to prevent responses to exogenously administered IL-1β, failed to significantly attenuate the increases in plasma ACTH and corticosterone and the cerebral catecholamine and indoleamine responses induced...

... for further determination of plasma levels of both ACTH and corticosterone (B) by specific assays. The results indicate that plasma levels of both ACTH and B were several-fold increased over baseline, 2 and 6 h after LPS administration. Two hours, the effect of LPS on ACTH output was not modified...

... to be elucidated. In this study, in order to determine whether the restraint stress-induced elevation of plasma IL-6 contributes to the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and whether or not such elevation can affect the inflammatory processes, the plasma levels of ACTH, corticosterone...

... to immune (cytokines) or nonimmune (mild electroshocks) signals. The arginine derivative N ω nitro- L -arginine-methylester ( L -NAME), which inhibits all three NO synthase (NOS) isoforms [inducible (i), endothelial (e) and neuronal (n)] significantly augments the ACTH response to blood-borne cytokines...

... and suppresses peripheral immune function by a CRH-dependent mechanism. It is unknown if IL-1 can similarly act within the brain to cause peripheral immunosuppression in the primate and to what extent this could be attributed to the IL-1-induced increase in ACTH and Cortisol levels. In this study we have...

...Jeffrey B. Tatro Melanocortins, melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are homologous natural peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Recent breakthroughs in melanocortin receptor (MCR) biology are relevant to neuroimmunomodulation because...