... the pathophysiology in conditions like salt-sensitive hypertension and chronic heart failure. Here we review the central role of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone in both the increase in renal salt reabsorption and sodium appetite. We discuss the working hypothesis that aldosterone activates similar signaling...

... hypertensive rats (SHR), prevention of hypertension reduces several early renal abnormalities including albuminuria. However, the contribution of nephrin loss to albuminuria in this early stage of experimental diabetes is unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether elevation of albuminuria in young diabetic...

... challenges. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), the enzyme regulating the glucocorticoid access to the mineralocorticoid receptor, an enzyme that is decreased in humans with salt sensitive hypertension and other diseases with abnormal renal salt retention, was assessed during salt challenges...

... of simvastatin (SIMV) in a model of hypertension and progressive renal disease, as well as its effects on the cyclin-cdk inhibitors p21 and p27. Methods: Munich-Wistar rats received the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L -NAME (25 mg/kg/day p.o.) for 20 days accompanied by a high-salt diet (HS, 3% Na...

...Joshua Weissgarten; Sylvia Berman; Shai Efrati; Micha Rapoport; David Modai; Mirel Cohn; Mordechay Aladjem; Elena Galperin; Zhan Averbukh Background/Aim: Hypertension induced by exaggerated sodium consumption accelerates the progression of renal failure. We investigated the effects of a high-sodium...

... effects in hypertensive rats. sBP was measured at the time wheneach drug showed the maximal hypotensive effect on hypertensive rats by asingle administration (i.e. 3 h after dosing of cilnidipineand 5 h after dosing of amlodipine). Blood pressure was not measured on the day prior to euthanasia in order...

... and veins. Abnormalities in dopamine production and receptor function accompany a high percentage of human essential hypertension and several forms of rodent genetic hypertension. Some dopamine receptor genes and their regulators are in loci linked to hypertension in humans and in rodents. Furthermore...

... hemodynamic adaptations have not been definitively identified. Several investigators have postulated that nitric oxide (NO) is involved this physiological mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of vascular and renal NO pathway in the model of subtotal nephrectomy-salt load hypertension...

... responses and on cardiovascular control in hypertensive patients, as well as at evaluating the possible role of the opioidergic system (OS) in determining these effects. Thirteen essential hypertensives were studied for 2 h before and for 2 h during WI. This was done twice, without and with i.v. injection...

.... Substantial loss of functioning nephrons induces a progressive deterioration of renal function. Hypertension is one of the most important factors affecting the evolution of renal failure. Blood pressure increases few days after renal mass reduction by 5/6 nephrectomy in rats [ 1, 2 ]. Previous studies have...

...Bernard Charra; Charles Chazot The balance of sodium, through its dietary intake and renal excretion, determines extracellular fluid volume (ECV). Chronic renal failure and dialysis patients present with a positive sodium balance and increased ECV. The consequences are systemic hypertension...

...) were administered for 12 weeks to Nx together with and without nitro- L -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). We evaluated the effects of both drugs on proteinuria, hypertension, renal function, glomerulosclerosis and urinary excretion of NO metabolites (U NOx ) and cyclic GMP (U cGMP ). Results: Both drugs...