... that a preparation of lactic acid bacteria successfully reduced urinary oxalate excretion in 6 patients with calcium oxalate stones and hyperoxaluria. The mechanism of this effect is uncertain since these bacteria lacked the gene possessed by O. formigenes which codes for that organism’s oxalate uptake mechanism...

... the influences of urinary macromolecules, especially proteins, on the formation of calcium oxalate crystals, their attachment to renal epithelial cells, and their subsequent destruction within those cells. Although a list is provided of proteins that have either been detected in stones or have been implicated...

..., but there is still debate regarding its effects upon crystal adhesion to tubular epithelial cells. In this brief review, we will outline the evidence implicating OPN in stone disease with the primary emphasis being on the interaction of OPN with calcium oxalate (CaOx), the major constituent of calcium containing...