... Intervention Premature infant Preterm infant feeding Neonatal unit Breastmilk contains nutrients to support growth and immune factors that prevent infection [ 1 ] and inflammatory disorders [ 2, 3 ]. It is, therefore, the recommended source of early nutrition for all infants [ 4 ]. For preterm...

...) during kangaroo care (KC) in premature infants and compare cardiorespiratory stability and hypoxic or bradycardic events between KC and incubator care. Methods: A single-center prospective observational study was carried out at the NICU of a level 3 perinatal center. Preterm infants <32 weeks...

... of preterm infants, resulting in persistent LCPUFA deficiency through early life [ 7 ]. Inflammation Premature infant Nutrition LCPUFA Table 1. Baseline and clinical characteristics up to day 28 of the ITT population and the study population included in the observational analysis ITT...

... consisting in putting premature infants or newborns in skin-to-skin contact with their parents. KC is an effective method of promoting health and well-being of infants and their families. Physiological stability during KC has been widely analyzed, however with controversial results. Methods: A systematic...

... (+/−) determines the direction of contribution. Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis Neurodevelopmental outcome Parenteral nutrition Premature infant Preterm infants of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) depend on parenteral nutrition in their first weeks of life [1]. Prolonged parenteral...

...Anne Lee Solevåg; Po-Yin Cheung; Georg M. Schmölzer Background: Bi-level noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been used in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) as primary treatment, post-extubation, and to treat apnea. This review summarizes studies on bi-level NIV in premature infants with RDS...

...Polona Rajar; Ola D. Saugstad; Dag Berild; Anirban Dutta; Gorm Greisen; Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen; Sharmila S. Mande; Sushma Nangia; Fernanda C. Petersen; Ulf R. Dahle; Kirsti Haaland Introduction: Antibiotic treatment in premature infants is often empirically prescribed, and practice varies widely...

... with prematurity as the main factor; however, the need for endotracheal intubation/mechanical ventilation (MV), use of oxygen, deficiency of pulmonary antioxidants, and infections are the factors most commonly associated with BPD [ 2 ]. Newborn Premature infant Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Interleukins...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Patent ductus arteriosus Premature infant Haemodynamic significance Few topics within neonatology have caused such intense debate as the optimum management...

... PDA size and CBF velocity (CBFv) in premature infants. Methods: 113 premature infants born at 23–29 weeks’ gestation had echocardiograms performed during the first week after birth to evaluate for PDA. The infants were divided into 3 groups according to PDA size: none-to-small, moderate, or large. All...

...: fortified food, human milk, premature infant, growth and development, mortality, low birth weight, breast milk, and diet supplementation. The keywords were human milk, breast milk, and fortification. Boolean terms (AND, OR) were used to connect the search words. The study designs included were randomized...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Premature infant Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Persistent patent ductus arteriosus Echocardiography Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic...

... from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Hyperoxemia Intermittent hypoxemia Mechanical ventilation Hypoxemia episodes Premature infant Arterial oxygen saturation Hypoxemia episodes (HE) occur frequently in ventilated preterm...

... deficiency Reticulocyte haemoglobin content Changes with postnatal age Gestational age Premature infant Reticulocyte haemoglobin content, i.e., the reticulocyte equivalent (Ret-H e ), is a relatively new parameter that is routinely generated during a reticulocyte count by the majority...

... extubation outcome in mechanically ventilated, premature infants. Methods: Forty-six mechanically ventilated infants with a median gestational age of 26 (interquartile range [IQR] 25-29) weeks were prospectively studied. τ was calculated from the reciprocal of the slope of the decline in airway pressure...

... responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Intraventricular hemorrhage Head position Head rotation Premature infant Preterm birth Tilting Germinal matrix-intraventricular...

.... Nutrition Premature infant Very low birth weight Breast milk Smell Taste The immaturity of the digestive system poses a significant challenge to effective nutrition of preterm infants, leading to almost universal growth failure [ 1 ]. The rapidly growing brain is particularly affected...

.... Gestational age-specific reference ranges Premature infant Iron deficiency Reticulocyte haemoglobin content Iron deficiency (ID) in preterm infants is caused by low iron stores at birth [ 1 ], high postnatal growth velocity [ 2 ] and uncompensated iatrogenic blood and hence iron loss [ 3...

...Kyriakos Martakis; Christoph Hünseler; Kruthika Thangavelu; Angela Kribs; Bernhard Roth Introduction: There is insufficient information regarding acute pain reactions among premature infants with a gestational age of less than 26 weeks and no appropriate scale for pain measurement in this age group...

... Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Premature infant Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that occurs following the use of ventilator and oxygen therapy for neonatal respiratory failure in preterm infants [ 1 ]. Early injury to the lung circulation leads to the rapid development of pulmonary...