... in neonatal rats, whose stage of brain development roughly corresponds to that of children born preterm, found negative long-term effects after pain and opioid exposure. Objectives: We studied possible effects of prematurity, procedural pain and opioids in humans 10 years later. We hypothesized...

...Daniëlla W.E. Roofthooft; Sinno H.P. Simons; Kanwaljeet J.S. Anand; Dick Tibboel; Monique van Dijk Objective: To study whether new pharmacological and nonpharmacological guidelines lowered numbers of painful procedures in neonates and changed the amount and frequency of analgesic therapy...

...Lasse Dührsen; Sinno H.P. Simons; Mark Dzietko; Kerstin Genz; Ivo Bendix; Vinzenz Boos; Marco Sifringer; Dick Tibboel; Ursula Felderhoff-Mueser Background: Untreated exposure to pain in preterm neonates might damage the vulnerable premature brain and alter development. Pain treatment is limited...

...Gopi Menon; Neil McIntosh Newborn babies, even if extremely preterm, show responses to pain. The major stress responses seen with surgical pain are associated with serious adverse medical outcomes. There is an ethical imperative to consider pain relief in babies, despite the fact that they cannot...

...Beth L. Pineles; Curt A. Sandman; Feizal Waffarn; Cherry Uy; Elysia Poggi Davis Background: Preterm infants are repeatedly exposed to painful experiences as part of their care in the neonatal intensive care unit. There is evidence from both animal and human studies that exposure to pain during...

... ml of either 24% sucrose or sterile water (placebo) for every painful procedure during the 1st week of life. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of treating all procedural pain with sucrose on overall physiological stability. The hypotheses were that infants who received 24% sucrose...

...Carlo Valerio Bellieni; Alessandro Burroni; Serafina Perrone; Duccio Maria Cordelli; Anna Nenci; Antonietta Lunghi; Giuseppe Buonocore Physiological changes provoked by pain may threaten the integrity of the CNS. In particular, intracranial pressure (ICP) regulates brain perfusion, and its sudden...

...C.V. Bellieni; G. Buonocore; A. Nenci; N. Franci; D.M. Cordelli; F. Bagnoli Pain is traumatic for preterm infants and can damage their CNS. We wanted to assess whether multisensorial stimulation can be analgesic and whether this effect is only due to oral glucose or sucking. We performed...

... several epidemiological investigations have correlated perinatal and neonatal complications with abnormal adult behavior, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains rudimentary. Models of early experience, such as repetitive pain, sepsis, or maternal separation in rodents and other species...

...C. Celeste Johnston; Adam Sherrard; Bonnie Stevens; Linda Franck; Robyn Stremler; Anne Jack The purpose of this study was to investigate if cries from preterm neonates would reflect changes in pain intensity following interventions. The cries from 25 preterm neonates from an original sample of 122...

...Charlotte Overgaard; Aage Knudsen We assessed the effect of sucrose as a pain reliever in a population of newborns when cuddled and comforted during heel prick for diagnosis of phenylketonuria. In addition, the influences of gender, gestational age, postnatal age, ponderal index and behavioural...

...C. Celeste Johnston; Robyn Stremler; Linda Horton; Allison Friedman The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to test the efficacy of repeated versus single dose sucrose to decrease pain from routine heel stick procedures in preterm neonates. Infants (n = 48) in the first week of life...

...K.J.S. Anand Clinical and laboratory investigations of neonatal pain suggest that preterm neonates have an increased sensitivity to pain and that acute painful stimuli lead to the development of prolonged periods of hyperalgesia. Non-noxious stimuli during these periods of hyperalgesia may expose...