... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Artificial feeding Evaporized milk Formula Infant mortality rate Marketing code Fig. 2 Infant mortality rate (IMR, logarithmic scale) of England and Wales 1840...

...Michael Obladen Artificial feeding of infants, called hand-feeding, was unsafe well into the 19th century. This paper aims to identify technical innovations which made artificial feeding less dangerous. In rapid succession from 1844 to 1886, the vulcanization of rubber, production of rubber teats...

... resulting from boiling cereal in water or milk, and panada, a preparation of various cereals or bread cooked in broth. During the 18th century, the published opinion on artificial feeding evolved from health concerns to a moral ideology. This view ignored the social and economic pressures which forced many...