Respiratory disorders that present in the newborn period may result from structural, functional, or acquired mechanisms that limit gas exchange between the airspace and vascular bed. Exciting new imaging, gene sequencing, mass spectrometry, and molecular and cell-based techniques are enhancing our understanding of mechanisms of disease; highlighting the complexity of interactions between genes, development, and environment in the manifestation of health and disease; and becoming part of the clinical armamentarium for the care of patients. Some of these technologies and their clinical potential are briefly reviewed in this paper.

Keywords:
Lung development, Gene sequencing, Induced pluripotent stem cells, Mass spectrometry, Childhood lung disease
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