...Md Abu Hanif; Shaharior Hossen; Doo Hyun Cho; Kang Hee Kho Introduction: Neuropeptides regulate vital physiological processes in multicellular organisms, including growth, reproduction, metamorphosis, and feeding. Recent transcriptome analyses have revealed neuropeptide genes with potential roles...

...Lian Hollander-Cohen; Inbar Meir; Miriam Shulman; Berta Levavi-Sivan Introduction: As in all vertebrates, reproduction in fish is regulated by gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) control on gonadotrophic hormones (GtHs) activity. However, the neuroendocrine factors that promote GnRH and GtH...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. 2021 Stem cells Embryo development Reproduction Early mammalian development is a complex phenotypic process involving cells that interact with environmental...

..., namely, the modulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, sleep inducer, regulator of energy metabolism, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic. Although several pieces of evidence also recognize the influence of melatonin in the reproductive physiology, the crosstalk between melatonin and sex hormones...

... for female reproductive disorders arising from early-life exposure to chemicals, where most were grouped in smaller networks, some of which themselves are connectable by additional shared KEs [ 33 ]. In this review, we expand on this AOP network by including pAOPs pertaining to disrupted pubertal timing...

... GABA Retrograde signaling Tonic endocannabinoid Reproduction Metabolism In the process of reproduction, hypophysiotropic GnRH neurons, located in the medial preoptic area (mPOA) of the rodent brain, are the key central regulators [1, 2]. During the prenatal periods, they migrate from...

... newborns. Three patients achieved complete surgical resections. No patient underwent postoperative irradiation. Five natural pregnancies occurred in 3 CP patients without pituitary deficiencies. Four pregnancies in 3 CP patients with hypopituitarism were achieved under assisted reproductive techniques (ART...

.... Immunohistochemistry Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Positive feedback Reproduction Research Article Neuroendocrinology 2021;111:249 262 DOI: 10.1159/000507891 Received: February 19, 2020 Accepted: April 14, 2020 Published online: April 16, 2020 Characterization of Kisspeptin Neurons in the Human Rostral...

...Luhong Wang; Suzanne M. Moenter Mammalian reproductive function includes puberty onset and completion, reproductive cyclicity, steroidogenesis, gametogenesis, fertilization, pregnancy, and lactation; all are indispensable to perpetuate species. Reproductive cycles are critical for providing...

.... Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Hypothalamus Immunohistochemistry Kisspeptin LHRH Neurokinin B Reproduction Hypothalamic kisspeptin (KP)/KP receptor signaling is critical for mammalian puberty and fertility [ 1, 2 ]. The topography, morphology, connectivity, and plasticity of human KP neurons...

..., but this receptor seems to play a major role in the E2-dependent regulation of reproductive processes, as demonstrated by the infertile phenotype induced by neural mutations [ 27, 39, 40 ]. Sexual behavior Endocrine disruptor Sex steroids Reproduction Nervous system Sexual reproduction...

...Michelle N. Bedenbaugh; Richard B. McCosh; Justin A. Lopez; John M. Connors; Robert L. Goodman; Stanley M. Hileman Background: Neuronal intermediates that communicate estrogen and progesterone feedback to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are essential for modulating reproductive...

.... Despite continued long photoperiods, these birds eventually become refractory to the stimulating photoperiod and their reproductive systems regress. In this study, we characterized the role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission in modulating the response of the premammillary nucleus (PMM...

... and, reciprocally, how circulating reproductive hormones regulate their expression and function. Specifically, several reports have focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of semaphorins on the migration, survival and structural and functional plasticity of neurons that secrete gonadotropin...

... Median eminence Pituitary Reproduction Tachykinins A peptidergic neuron population identified in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) co-synthesizes kisspeptin (KP), neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin [ 1, 2, 3 ] in a variety of mammalian species; these ‘KNDy neurons' [ 4 ] were proposed...

.... RFRP-3 GnIH Leptin Reproduction Development National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 Neuronal networks of the hypothalamus integrate peripheral endocrine and metabolic signals to regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, which in turn stimulate...

...Marcelo E. Ezquer; Susana R. Valdez; Alicia M. Seltzer; Graciela A. Jahn Background/Aims: Few studies address the long-term consequences of perinatal hypoxia (H), a frequent birth complication. Previously we described advanced reproductive senescence (premature loss of regular cyclicity) in female...

...Karin H.J. Albers-Wolthers; Jeffrey de Gier; Hans S. Kooistra; Victor P.M.G. Rutten; Peter J.S. van Kooten; Janneke J. de Graaf; Peter A.J. Leegwater; Robert P. Millar; Auke C. Schaefers-Okkens Kisspeptin (KISS1) and its receptor (KISS1r) are essential for normal reproductive function in many...

... and their receptors regulating the reproductive neuroendocrine axis in vertebrates exhibited a correlated evolution under a common physiological constraint to regulate the release of gonadotropin. This result supports a coordinated substitution of amino acids in the GnRH and the GnIH neuropeptides along...

... or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Alcoholism Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis Reproduction Prolactin Thyroid...