... gene driven by the rat Gnrhr promoter was created. Results: This study shows that the rat Gnrhr promoter is operative in two functionally related organs, the pineal gland, as early as embryonic day (E) 13.5, and the retina where activity was only detected at E17.5. Accordingly, Gnrhr mRNA were present...

... by adrenergic ligands. Our results show a significant and sustained rhythm of Per2,Bmal1 and Rev-erb α gene expression for up to 48 h in cultured pineal gland with a pattern similar to that observed in vivo. By contrast, the rhythms of Per1 and Aa-nat, the rate-limiting enzyme for melatonin synthesis, were...

... of psychotic symptoms. As reported previously [J Biol Chem 2009; 284:7606–7622], in this study PDE10A was seen to be additionally expressed in the pineal gland where the levels of PDE10A transcript display daily changes. As with the transcript, the amount of PDE10A protein was found to be under daily...

... in regulating central-type rat BNZ receptors. Melatonin Corticotropin analogues Pineal gland Benzodiazepines Cerebral cortex 6 12 1993 6 04 1994 9 4 2008 © 1994 S. Karger AG, Basel 1994 Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer Copyright: All rights reserved. No part...

...Eugenia Mato; Pilar Santisteban; Julie A. Chowen; Oscar Fornas; Martijn Bouwens; Manel Puig-Domingo; Jesús Argente; Susan M. Webb The origin of somatostatin in the pineal gland is controversial as a double origin – neural in pinealopetal nerve fibers and parenchymal corresponding to locally...

... augmentation in short-day hamsters. In the pineal gland and habenular nuclei, varicose fibers were observed which appeared mainly perivascular in location (pineal) or formed a dense plexus (habenular nuclei). Pineal NPY contents fell during the night in long-day animals and were relatively constant in short...

...Gérard Mick A role for glutamate in signalling mechanisms in the mammalian pineal gland is suggested by the high concentration of the transmitter in pinealocytes and the expression of glutamate receptor subunits in the rat gland. A single type of glutamate binding site has been characterized...

... of plasma melatonin during darkness and reduced sympathetic output in the pineal gland resulting in lower pineal melatonin production, as measured with transpineal microdialysis. Further experiments in SCN-lesioned animals indicated that the origin of this inhibitory input to the DMH is indeed the SCN...

...-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Melatonin, a neurohormone initially isolated in the pineal gland, has been implicated with inhibition of the HPA axis. To investigate melatonin synthesis and secretion in LEW/N and F344/N rats, we examined the diurnal activity of pineal arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (NATl...

...Manuel O. López-Figueroa; Jean P. Ravault; Bruno Cozzi; Morten Møller By use of immunohistochemistry, a dense network of nerve fibres immunoreactive to the neuronal form of nitric oxide synthase (NOS, subtype I) was demonstrated in the pineal gland of sheep. The NOS-immunoreactive fibres were...

...Kohji Sato; Hiroshi Kiyama; Shoichi Shimada; Masaya Tohyama This study, using in situ hybridization histochemistry, revealed the pineal gland strongly expressed mRNAs of kainic acid-type receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and the glycine transporter. These findings demonstrated the presence...

...Hiroshi Kiyama; Akio Wanaka; Hidemasa Kato; Hiroshi Maeno; Kazumasa Matsumoto; Gaoge Sun; Sadao Shiosaka; Masaya Tohyama The present study revealed that the pineal gland expressed basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF-receptor 1 (FGFRl/flg), suggesting that bFGF in the pineal gland acts...

... injected at 14:00 or 23:00 on diestrus II or at 04:00 on proestrus was ineffective. These results showed that the pineal gland is involved in controlling the timing of the proestrous LH surge in the rat. The pineal signal may be transmitted by melatonin, a major product of the gland. 23 02 1993 19...

...Palmiero Monteleone; Mario Maj; Antonio Fuschino; Dargut Kemali The human pineal gland has been shown to be unresponsive to stress-induced sympathetic activation during the day. However, the effects of stress on human melatonin production have received little investigation at night, when...

...Morten Møller; Jens D. Mikkelsen; Jens J. Holst; Pansiri Phansuwan-Pujito An immunohistochemical study of the bovine pineal gland was performed by using polyclonal rabbit antisera raised against synthetic peptide fragments corresponding to the amino acid sequences of somatostatin-14, somatostatin...

... that regulate LH secretion. The biosynthetic activity of the pineal gland is markedly depressed and the nocturnal secretion of melatonin decreases significantly. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the nocturnal administration of melatonin via the drinking water (0.4 µg/ml) throughout...

...Russel J. Reiter; Thomas S. King; Stephan Steinlechner; Richard W. Steger; Bruce A. Richardson In the rat pineal gland, the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and the concentration of melatonin are normally high at night; conversely, the concentration of serotonin (5-HT), the precursor...

...David M. Bronstein; Katherine A. Haak; German Torres; Loy D. Lytle In adult rats, light acting via a retino-pineal gland neural pathway influences pineal gland biochemistry in two ways: (1) it entrains endogenous circadian rhythms in melatonin biosynthesis to the environmental photoperiod and (2...

... of wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers in the superior cervical ganglia field of projection. 27 02 1989 27 07 1989 3 4 2008 Superior cervical ganglia Adrenocorticotropin Stress Corticotropin-releasing hormone Vasopressin Pineal gland Neuroendocrinology 1990:51:213-218 © 1990 S...

... with the spontaneous or induced gonadotropin and PRL release in female rats (1) disrupts temporarily estrous cyclicity and (2) decreases estradiol-progesterone-induced LH, FSH, and PRL release through a pineal gland independent mechanism. Noradrenergic transmitter release from degenerating sympathetic nerves acts via...