...Bin-Yang Long; Xipeng Liao; Xin Liang Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition with unclear mechanisms, posing a challenge for prevention and treatment of PCOS. The role of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in regulating female reproduction is critical. Abnormalities...

.... 2024 Endocrine-disrupting chemicals Energy homeostasis Hypothalamus Obesity Obesogens Exposome Obesity is a multifactorial and increasingly pervasive public health issue that has escalated to epidemic levels worldwide, affecting individuals across all demographics [ 1...

...Olivier Lavoie; Audrey Turmel; Paige Mattoon; William James Desrosiers; Julie Plamondon; Natalie Jane Michael; Alexandre Caron Introduction: Owing to their privileged anatomical location, neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) play critical roles in sensing and responding...

... Visual Abstract Kisspeptin Postweaning social isolation Puberty Stress Electrophysiology Hypothalamus One of the most common environmental stimuli in modern society is stress. It is described as a behavioral and physiological response derived when an organism is faced...

... (E2), and IL-1β levels were also tested. Microglial morphology, cell numbers, and SGLT2 expression were evaluated using immunofluorescence. The expression of IL-1β, NLRP3, kisspeptin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), SGLT2, insulin, and leptin receptors in the hypothalamus was determined using...

... and AMPK signaling pathways in the hypothalamus. On the other hand, significant reductions were observed in the mRNA levels of the lipid synthesis-related genes fas and acc α, and the serum triglyceride levels as well. The mRNA levels of npy , agrp , pomc , and cart in the hypothalamus fluctuated during...

...Borgohain Anima; Guruswami Gurusubramanian; Vikas Kumar Roy Introduction: Apelin is an endogenous peptide, whose expression has been shown in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary; furthermore, it is also called a neuropeptide, binding to apelin receptor (APJ) for various functions. It has been...

... advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. 2023 Adrenal gland Hypothalamus-pituitary...

...Xiaoman Dai; Anlan Lin; Xue Mi; Yilang Ke; Jing Zhang; Xiaochun Chen Introduction: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that plays important roles in the female fertility. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERα present in the astrocytes of the hypothalamus region...

..., Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, OFA rats display abnormal mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) dopaminergic tone during late pregnancy and lactation. We explored if the expression of MBH components, including various receptors (R) and proteins that regulate the dopaminergic system, is altered in mid-lactating OFA...

... compartments, with the hypothalamus being a central neuroendocrine integrator. The hypothalamus is a key part of the stress system (SS), a highly conserved neuronal/neuroendocrine system aiming at maintaining systemic homeostasis when the latter is threatened by various stressors. The central parts of the SS...

...Fei Hu; Hua-Juan Yan; Cun-Xiu Gao; Wei-Wen Sun; Yue-Sheng Long Introduction: Fat mass and obesity-associated ( FTO ) gene is strongly associated with obesity which brings a major health threat. Altered expression of its encoded protein FTO in the hypothalamus has been identified to contribute...

... or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Angiotensin II Hypertension Vasopressin Corticotrophin-releasing hormone Hypothalamus...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Anticipatory thirst Artificial light at night Chronodisruption Circadian rhythms Hormones Hypothalamus...

...Ruth Prieto; Laura Barrios; José M. Pascual Objective: Papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCPs) represent a rare histological type of craniopharyngiomas (CPs) usually involving the hypothalamus. This study systematically analyzes the clinical-anatomical correlation between tumor topography and symptoms...

... to a greater extent than each alone. The running-exercise-induced activation of both AVP and CRH neurons in the hypothalamus was also confirmed. Conclusion: These results lead us to hypothesize that AVP and CRH are cooperatively involved in exercise-induced ACTH response just above the LT. This may also...

... sought to elucidate whether NPGL causes obesity in the obesity-prone mouse strain C57BL/6J. Methods: We overexpressed the NPGL-precursor gene ( Npgl ) in the hypothalamus using adeno-associated virus in male C57BL/6J mice fed normal chow (NC) or a high-calorie diet (HCD). After 9 weeks of Npgl...

... functional mitochondria. Discussion: Our data show that C2CD5 is a new protein necessary for normal mitochondrial function in the hypothalamus. Its loss alters mitochondrial ultrastructure, localization, and activity within the hypothalamic neurons. C2CD5 may represent a new protein linking hypothalamic...

... is important for decision making for hypothalamus-sparing surgery. Also a postoperative hypothalamic damage evaluation with the use of hypothalamus volume measurement can predict hypothalamic obesity, which is important for early treatment options. The morbidity of CP includes cognitive dysfunction...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Anxiety Hypothalamus Mice Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus Sex differences Social behavior Social communication Vasopressin National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 The neuropeptide...