... Sexual differentiation Operant conditioning Estrogen NIH [email protected] 11 04 2023 13 06 2023 22 06 2023 Cocaine has been a widely used addictive drug for decades, if not centuries, stimulating both basic and clinical research. Even though it has been studied...

... databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. Articles were included if they were original research from peer-reviewed academic journals that dealt with glutamate, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, neurosteroids, glutamate and sex hormone interactions, or the potential impact of glutamate...

...Mukesh Kumar Varshney; Nancy Yiu-Lin Yu; Shintaro Katayama; Xin Li; Tianyao Liu; Wan-Fu Wu; Virpi Töhönen; Kaarel Krjutškov; Juha Kere; Xiaotang Fan; José Inzunza; Jan-Åke Gustafsson; Ivan Nalvarte Background: Male estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) knockout (BERKO) mice display anxiety and aggression...

... Transsexual Morphometry Androgen Estrogen Treatment Sexual dimorphism is widespread in the brain. Such dimorphism suggests, for example, that cerebellar, putamen, amygdala, and hippocampal volumes are larger in men than in women, whereas women have larger thalamic nuclei, lateral frontal gyri...

.... Estrogen Gonadotropin-releasing hormone GPR54 Kisspeptin Luteinizing hormone Puberty Proper regulation of gene expression in each cell type sharing the same genetic blueprint is controlled by the binding of different transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. The past decade has seen...

... are involved in the regulation of the brain nitrergic system. We have previously demonstrated that estradiol, via classical estrogen receptors (ERs), regulates NOS activity in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of the hypothalamus, acting through both ERα and ERβ. Magnocellular...

.... Multiple sclerosis Neoplasm Oral contraceptive Menopause Menses Alzheimer disease Epilepsy Estrogen Movement disorder While engaged in a neuroendocrinology fellowship at Tufts University in Boston (1987-1988), the author's mentor, Seymour Reichlin (fig. 1 ), to whom this paper is dedicated...

... treatment. Stroke Neuroinflammation Inflammasome complex Estrogen Progesterone Neuroprotection Microglia Astroglia Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and remains a serious global health problem [ 1 ]. Brain ischemia, due to interruption of cerebral blood flow, induces...

... by hormonal feedback loops. The mechanisms by which GnRH responds to the primary regulatory sex steroid hormone, estradiol (E 2 ), are still poorly understood in the context of menopause. Our goal was to determine whether the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is co-expressed in adult primate GnRH...

...-term hypoxia for 3 h increased reactive oxygen species production, but had no influence on cell viability of cerebral cortical rat astroglia. Astrocytes expressed classical estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and a set of nonclassical steroid hormone receptors. Hypoxia specifically...

.... Cerebral blood flow Estrogen Gender dimorphism Human brain Magnetic resonance imaging Transsexualism Transsexualism is a gender identity disorder characterized by a strong and persistent cross-gender identification associated with a discomfort with one’s biological sex, often compelling...

... consumption, CO 2 production and the respiratory exchange ratio were evaluated in ovariectomized female guinea pigs treated s.c. with the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 or its cremephor/ethanol/0.9% saline vehicle, and either with estradiol benzoate (EB), the estrogen receptor (ER) α agonist PPT...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Testosterone Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis Estrogen National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002...

...Thomas Arnason; Heidi L. Sapp; Penelope J. Barnes; Magdalena Drewniak; Mohamed Abdolell; Daniel Rayson Background and Aims: There has been limited study of estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) expression in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GINETs) despite emerging evidence of hormone...

... linked to early loss of cholinergic neurons. As estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy has beneficial effects on cognition of demented patients, and it may prevent memory impairments, we investigated the effect of estrogen-pretreatment on Aβ-induced cholinergic neurodegeneration in the nucleus...

...Lu Fan; Rose Hanbury; Subhash C. Pandey; Rochelle S. Cohen Although estrogen has been shown to be neuroprotective, studies concerning its effect on some behaviors are contradictory, reporting both ameliorative and detrimental effects. A factor involved in hormone efficacy is the estrogen regimen...

...Yuan-Shan Zhu; Donald W. Pfaff Preproenkephalin (PPE) gene expression is specifically induced by estrogen in hypothalamus of ovariectomized (OVX) females, better than in male rats. To study estrogen actions on gene regulation, we have presently characterized protein-DNA interactions by use...

...Eva Redei; Lifang Li; Ildiko Halasz; Robert F. McGivern; Fraser Aird The purpose of this study was to determine whether estrogen and progesterone influence fast glucocorticoid negative feedback regulation of the ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) responses to stress. Mature rats were ovariectomized...

...Cynthia L. Bethea Progesterone increases prolactin secretion in estrogen-primed primates. This action is probably mediated through a neural mechanism since lactotropes do not have progestin receptors (PR). This laboratory recently reported localization of PR in serotonin neurons of female macaques...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Estrogen Estrous cycle Aging Menopause Steroid feedback Estradiol valerate Substance P Proopiomelanocortin...