... and they also face increased risk to develop neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Despite the high prevalence, the cause of depressive and anxiety symptoms is not fully elucidated. The use of androgenized ewe models can provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of PCOS...

... communication, anxiety, sex behavior, and aggressive behavior. We found that these lesions increased social investigation in females, but not in males. However, in males but not in females, these lesions increased non-social anxiety-related behaviors in the elevated-plus maze. These results therefore point...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Anxiety Cardiovascular response Corticosterone Oxytocin Supraoptic...

... responses, are central to the pathogenesis of disorders related to anxiety. We describe the PKA pathway and review in vitro animal studies (mouse) and other evidence that support the importance of PKA in regulating behaviors that lead to anxiety. Since cAMP signaling and PKA have been pharmacologically...

...-induced obesity to investigate whether maternal obesity affects the response to adult chronic stress exposure in young adult (3-month-old) and aged adult (12-month-old) offspring. Results: Long-lasting, delayed impairments to anxiety-like behaviors and stress coping strategies resulted on account...

...Daniela Jezova; Natasa Hlavacova; Aikaterini Makatsori; Roman Duncko; Ingrid Loder; Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay The relationship between anxiety and the neuroendocrine response to stress stimuli is still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of an acute increase...

... allowed the exploration of the importance of these receptors in behavioral responses such as anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. This review examines some of the recent advances in our knowledge of hormonal control of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress and underscore the importance...

... or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Oxytocin Prolactin HPA axis Anxiety Maternal behaviour In all mammalian species the transition from virginity to motherhood represents a time when a host of changes occur...

...Caitlin S. Wyrwoll; Megan C. Holmes Fetal glucocorticoid exposure is a key mechanism proposed to underlie prenatal ‘programming’ of adult affective behaviours such as depression and anxiety. Indeed, the glucocorticoid metabolising enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), which...

.... Prenatal stress Pregnancy Infant development Anxiety Fetal development CRH Sex differences Fetal programming Developmental origins of disease Cortisol Stress Maternal programming Postpartum depression One central assumption of our program of research is that fetal exposure...

...Elinor L. Sullivan; M. Susan Smith; Kevin L. Grove The perinatal environment plays an important role in programming many aspects of physiology and behavior including metabolism, body weight set point, energy balance regulation and predisposition to mental health-related disorders such as anxiety...

...Andreas Ströhle; Holger Jahn; Alexandra Montkowski; Gudrun Liebsch; Erwin Boll; Rainer Landgraf; Florian Holsboer; Klaus Wiedemann The effects of the central and peripheral administration of atriopeptin II, a 23-amino acid residue peptide of atrial natriuretic peptide (Ser 103 -Arg 125 ) on anxiety...

... and corticosterone which is consistent with the lack of any changes in adrenal and thymus weight. When rats were socially defeated for 10 min by a male and female resident and then placed for 5 min in the elevated plusmaze, no changes in the anxiety-like behavior were observed in MR-AS-treated animals. However, MR...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Cholecystokinin Anxiety Corticotropin-releasing factor Adrenal cortex...

...Elizabeth M. Byrnes; Jong O. Lee; Robert S. Bridges Background/Aim: Reproductive experience (i.e., pregnancy and lactation) alters anxiety-like behavior. One neurotransmitter system that may mediate the effects of reproductive experience on anxiety-like behavior is γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA...

...) system. Given the fundamental role of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) system in anxiety, stress-associated pathologies, and mood disorders, we describe genetic modifications of the genes that encode proteins integral to the CRH/CRH receptor system with particular emphasis on conditional gene...

... shown that ghrelin potently increases growth hormone release and food intake. We examined the effects of the gastric peptide ghrelin on anxiety-like behavior in association with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in mice. Both intra-third cerebroventricular and intraperitoneal administration...

... µl) or a combination of A-GR and A-MR (100 ng of each one/2 µl), abolished the stress-induced anxiogenic-like effect. The present findings indicate that both MR and GR are involved in the long-term CS modulation of the anxiety response induced by restraint. Both receptors mediate CS effects...