1.
Stark DD, Moss AA, Goldberg HI, Deveney CW: CT of pancreatic islet cell tumors. Radiology 1984;150:491–494.
2.
Rossi P, Baert A, Passariello R, Simonetti G, Pavone P, Tempesta P: CT of functioning tumors of the pancreas. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985;144:57–60.
3.
Van Hoe L, Gryspeerdt S, Marchal G, Baert AL, Mertens L: Helical CT for the preoperative localization of islet cell tumors of the pancreas: value of arterial and parenchymal phase images. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165:1437–1439.
4.
Procacci C, Carbognin G, Accordini S, Biasiutti C, Bicego E, Romano L, Guarise A, Minniti S, Pagnotta N, Falconi M: Nonfunctioning endocrine tumors of the pancreas: possibilities of spiral CT characterization. Eur Radiol 2001;11:1175–1183.
5.
Fidler JL, Fletcher JG, Reading CC, Andrews JC, Thompson GB, Grant CS, Service FJ: Preoperative detection of pancreatic insulinomas on multiphasic helical CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003;181:775–780.
6.
Termanini B, Gibril F, Reynolds JC, Doppman JL, Chen CC, Stewart CA, Sutliff VE, Jensen RT: Value of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy: a prospective study in gastrinoma of its effect on clinical management. Gastroenterology 1997;112:335–347.
7.
King AD, Ko GT, Yeung VT, Chow CC, Griffith J, Cockram CS: Dual phase spiral CT in the detection of small insulinomas of the pancreas. Br J Radiol 1998;71:20–23.
8.
Stafford-Johnson DB, Francis IR, Eckhauser FE, Knol JA, Chang AE: Dual-phase helical CT of nonfunctioning islet cell tumors. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1998;22:335–339.
9.
Ichikawa T, Peterson MS, Federle MP, Baron RL, Haradome H, Kawamori Y, Nawano S, Araki T: Islet cell tumor of the pancreas: biphasic CT versus MR imaging in tumor detection. Radiology 2000;216:163–171.
10.
Gouya H, Vignaux O, Augui J, Dousset B, Palazzo L, Louvel A, Chaussade S, Legmann P: CT, endoscopic sonography, and a combined protocol for preoperative evaluation of pancreatic insulinomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003;181:987–989.
11.
Shi W, Johnston CF, Buchanan KD, Ferguson WR, Laird JD, Crothers JG, McIlrath EM: Localization of neuroendocrine tumours with [111In]-DTPA-octreotide scintigraphy (Octreoscan): a comparative study with CT and MR imaging. QJM 1998;91:295–301.
12.
Chiti A, Fanti S, Savelli G, Romeo A, Bellanova B, Rodari M, van Graafeiland BJ, Monetti N, Bombardieri E: Comparison of somatostatin receptor imaging, computed tomography and ultrasound in the clinical management of neuroendocrine gastro-entero-pancreatic tumours. Eur J Nucl Med 1998;25:1396–1403.
13.
Kumbasar B, Kamel IR, Tekes A, Eng J, Fishman EK, Wahl RL: Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: accuracy of helical CT versus SRS. Abdom Imaging 2004;29:696–670.
14.
Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A, Fröss-Baron K, Mikołajczak R, Maecke HR, Huszno B, Pach D, Sowa-Staszczak A, Janota B, Szybiński P, Kulig J: 99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-octreotate scintigraphy, an efficient method for the detection and staging of carcinoid tumours: results of 3 years’ experience. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2006;33:1123–1133.
15.
Cwikła JB, Buscombe JR, Caplin ME, Watkinson AF, Walecki J, Gorczyca-Wiśniewska E, Hilson AJ: Diagnostic imaging of carcinoid metastases to the abdomen and pelvis. Med Sci Monit 2004;10(suppl 3):9–16.
16.
Koopmans KP, de Vries EG, Kema IP, Elsinga PH, Neels OC, Sluiter WJ, van der Horst-Schrivers AN, Jager PL: Staging of carcinoid tumours with 18F-DOPA PET: a prospective, diagnostic accuracy study. Lancet Oncol 2006;7:728–734.
17.
Gabriel M, Decristoforo C, Kendler D, Dobrozemsky G, Heute D, Uprimny C, Kovacs P, Von Guggenberg E, Bale R, Virgolini IJ: 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide PET in neuroendocrine tumors: comparison with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and CT. J Nucl Med 2007;48:508–518.
18.
Johanssen S, Boivin M, Lochs H, Voderholzer W: The yield of wireless capsule endoscopy in the detection of neuroendocrine tumors in comparison with CT enteroclysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2006;63:660–665.
19.
Pilleul F, Penigaud M, Milot L, Saurin JC, Chayvialle JA, Valette PJ: Possible small-bowel neoplasms: contrast-enhanced and water-enhanced multidetector CT enteroclysis. Radiology 2006;241:796–801.
20.
Cockcroft DW, Gault MH: Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 1976;16:31–41.
21.
Thoeni RF, Mueller-Lisse UG, Chan R, Do NK, Shyn PB: Detection of small, functional islet cell tumors in the pancreas: selection of MR imaging sequences for optimal sensitivity. Radiology 2000;214:483–490.
22.
Semelka RC, Custodio CM, Cem Balci N, Woosley JT: Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas: spectrum of appearances on MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2000;11:141–148.
23.
Carlson B, Johnson CD, Stephens DH, Ward EM, Kvols LK: MRI of pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1993;17:735–740.
24.
Owen NJ, Sohaib SA, Peppercorn PD, Monson JP, Grossman AB, Besser GM, Reznek RH: MRI of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Br J Radiol 2001;74:968–973.
25.
Dromain C, de Baere T, Lumbroso J, Caillet H, Laplanche A, Boige V, Ducreux M, Duvillard P, Elias D, Schlumberger M, Sigal R, Baudin E: Detection of liver metastases from endocrine tumors: a prospective comparison of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:70–78.
26.
Quillin SP, Atilla S, Brown JJ, et al: Characterization of focal hepatic masses by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging: findings in 311 lesions. Magn Reson Imaging 1977;15:275–285.
27.
Danet IM, Semelka RC, Leonardou P, et al: Spectrum of MRI appearances of untreated metastases of the liver. Am J Roentgenol 2003;181:809–817.
28.
Galiber AK, Reading CC, Charboneau JW, Sheedy PF 2nd, James EM, Gorman B, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Telander RL: Localization of pancreatic insulinoma: comparison of pre- and intraoperative US with CT and angiography. Radiology 1988;166:405–408.
29.
Zimmer T, Ziegler K, Bäder M, Fett U, Hamm B, Riecken EO, Wiedenmann B: Localisation of neuroendocrine tumours of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Gut 1994;35:471–475.
30.
Zimmer T, Stölzel U, Bäder M, Koppenhagen K, Hamm B, Buhr H, Riecken EO, Wiedenmann B: Endoscopic ultrasonography and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the preoperative localisation of insulinomas and gastrinomas. Gut 1996;39:562–568.
31.
Pitre J, Soubrane O, Palazzo L, Chapuis Y: Endoscopic ultrasonography for the preoperative localization of insulinomas. Pancreas 1996;13:55–60.
32.
Angeli E, Vanzulli A, Castrucci M, Venturini M, Sironi S, Zerbi A, Di Carlo V, Pozza G, Del Maschio A: Value of abdominal sonography and MR imaging at 0.5 T in preoperative detection of pancreatic insulinoma: a comparison with dynamic CT and angiography. Abdom Imaging 1997;22:295–303.
33.
De Angelis C, Carucci P, Repici A, Rizzetto M: Endosonography in decision-making and management of gastrointestinal endocrine tumors. Eur J Ultrasound 1999;10:139–150.
34.
Rösch T, Lightdale CJ, Botet JF, Boyce GA, Sivak MV Jr, Yasuda K, Heyder N, Palazzo L, Dancygier H, Schusdziarra V, et al: Localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography. N Engl J Med 1992;326:1721–1726.
35.
Ariyama J, Suyama M, Satoh K, Wakabayashi K: Endoscopic ultrasound and intraductal ultrasound in the diagnosis of small pancreatic tumors. Abdom Imaging 1998;23:380–386.
36.
Proye C, Malvaux P, Pattou F, Filoche B, Godchaux JM, Maunoury V, Palazzo L, Huglo D, Lefebvre J, Paris JC: Noninvasive imaging of insulinomas and gastrinomas with endoscopic ultrasonography and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. Surgery 1998;124:1134–1143.
37.
Zimmer T, Scherübl H, Faiss S, Stölzel U, Riecken EO, Wiedenmann B: Endoscopic ultrasonography of neuroendocrine tumours. Digestion 2000;62(suppl 1):45–50.
38.
Ardengh JC, de Paulo GA, Ferrari AP: EUS-guided FNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors before surgery. Gastrointest Endosc 2004;60:378–384.
39.
Anderson MA, Carpenter S, Thompson NW, Nostrant TT, Elta GH, Scheiman JM: Endoscopic ultrasound is highly accurate and directs management in patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:2271–2277.
40.
Huai JC, Zhang W, Niu HO, Su ZX, McNamara JJ, Machi J: Localization and surgical treatment of pancreatic insulinomas guided by intraoperative ultrasound. Am J Surg 1998;175:18–21.
41.
Hiramoto JS, Feldstein VA, LaBerge JM, Norton JA: Intraoperative ultrasound and preoperative localization detects all occult insulinomas. Arch Surg 2001;136:1020–1026.
42.
Mörk H, Ignee A, Schuessler G, Ott M, Dietrich CF: Analysis of neuroendocrine tumour metastases in the liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Scand J Gastroenterol 2007;42:652–662.
43.
Wu W, Chen MH, Yin SS, Yan K, Fan ZH, Yang W, Dai Y, Huo L, Li JY: The role of contrast-enhanced sonography of focal liver lesions before percutaneous biopsy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;187:752–761.
44.
Bartolotta TV, Midiri M, Quaia E, Bertolotto M, Galia M, Cademartiri F, Lagalla R: Liver haemangiomas undetermined at grey-scale ultrasound: contrast-enhancement patterns with SonoVue and pulse-inversion US. Eur Radiol 2005;15:685–693.
© 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel
2008
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the...
© 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel
2008
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.