Abstract
Background: Purinergic receptors are cell-surface molecules that bind extracellular nucleotides, notably ATP. The P2X family includes seven nonselective ion channels with one member, P2X7, implicated in cytolytic pore formation and cell death. Materials and Methods: We sought P2X7 expression in mouse nephrogenesis and cpk/cpk renal cyst growth, conditions in which both proliferation and apoptosis are prominent. Results: P2X7 immunolocalized to condensed metanephric mesenchyme: both proliferation and apoptosis were detected in this compartment, assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and propidium iodide-stained pyknotic nuclei respectively. Later in nephrogenesis, P2X7 was detected in collecting ducts, a pattern persisting to maturity. A mesenchymal to epithelial shift of P2X7 expression was also documented in ureter development. In cpk/cpk kidneys, P2X7-expressing collecting duct cysts dominated histology from two weeks until four weeks after birth, when animals die from uremia. In polycystic kidneys pyknotic nuclei were rarely identified in P2X7-expressing epithelia, but were detected between cysts, consistent with a non-apoptotic role for P2X7 in cyst enlargement. Conclusion: P2X7 is expressed during normal nephrogenesis and in a model of congenital polycystic kidney disease. Further experiments are necessary to define possible functions of P2X7 in these settings.
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2002
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