...-dependent transcriptional changes in vivo at a cell-specific level. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to compare lungs from wild-type (Wt) mice exposed to hypoxia for 28 days to normoxia-treated control mice. We additionally examined mice deficient for Notch3 , a smooth muscle-enriched gene...

...Aaron Gelinne; Lucia Brown; Nga Ling Ko; George Osol; Stephen Brown Background/Aims: Ten-eleven translocation 2 ( Tet2 ), a DNA demethylase enzyme, has been identified as a master epigenetic regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity. We hypothesized that pregnancy will induce significant...

... populations produce and secrete OPG/RANKL. This study characterizes the production of OPG/RANKL from human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells (HAECs and HASMCs) under various conditions. HAECs and HASMCs were exposed to inflammatory stimuli (tumor necrosis factor-α or hyperglycemia) or physiological...

...Geoffrey W. Abbott; Thomas A. Jepps Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels formed by Kv7 (KCNQ) α-subunits are recognized as crucial for vascular smooth muscle function, in addition to their established roles in the heart (Kv7.1) and the brain (Kv7.2-5). In vivo, Kv7 α-subunits are often regulated...

... and skeletal muscle. The wall thickness was almost equal in both organs at about 40 μm in luminal diameter, while it was relatively thin in the larger arteries and thick in the smaller arteries in the kidney compared with that in the skeletal muscle. The smooth muscle cells were regularly arranged in parallel...

...Kenneth Martin; Arun H.S. Kumar; Kerstin Klinkert; Noel M. Caplice Background: Previously, we established the importance of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in the promotion of myeloid cell differentiation into neointimal smooth muscle-like cells (SMLC). Methods: In this study, acute (24 h) endothelial...

...: Vasocontraction and relaxation of aorta from wild-type (WT), TRPC1 KO and TRPC3 knockout (KO) mice were measured for phenylephrine (Phe) and carbachol (CCh). Intracellular Ca 2+ was measured in primary aorta endothelial cells (EC) and whole cell K + current in freshly isolated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Results...

... and arterioles it localizes primarily to the smooth muscle cells. Panx1 was the predominant isoform expressed in coronary arteries, except in arteries less than 100 µm where Panx3 became detectable. Only Panx3 was expressed in the juxtaglomerular apparatus and cortical arterioles. The pulmonary artery...

... cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) [ 31 ]. nSMase2 is expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle cells and regulates contractility [ 32 ], TNFα-induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity [ 33 ] and VCAM-1 expression [ 26,34 ]. Furthermore, ET-1 augments TNFα-induced VCAM-1...

...Adam C. Straub; Scott R. Johnstone; Katherine R. Heberlein; Michael J. Rizzo; Angela K. Best; Scott Boitano; Brant E. Isakson Background/Aims: Myoendothelial junctions (MEJs) represent a specialized signaling domain between vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelial cells (EC...

...Anthony Wayne Orr; Nicole E. Hastings; Brett R. Blackman; Brian R. Wamhoff Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic modulation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and is classically defined as a switch from a ‘contractile’ phenotype to a ‘synthetic’ phenotype, whereby genes that define...

...Christopher M. Rembold; Barbara A. Weaver Regulation of [Ca 2+ ] i and modulation of the [Ca 2+ ] i sensitivity of myosin phosphorylation in smooth muscles may involve phosphorylation of one or more proteins on tyrosine residues. We tested this hypothesis by measuring tyrosine phosphorylation...

...B. Himpens; L. Missiaen; R. Casteels The free intracellular calcium concentration is an important link in the excitation-contraction coupling mechanism of vascular smooth muscle. In this review, some current topics about vascular smooth muscle as regards Ca 2+ storage, Ca 2+ release, Ca 2...

... amplitude relates to the active mechanical properties of the artery and, in particular, to its contractile capacity. Femoral artery Mesenteric artery Smooth muscle Vasomotion patterns Pressure Pacemaker cells Calcium Agonists 23 09 1994 3 04 1995 24 9 2008 © 1995 S. Karger...

... of specific K + channel regulatory mechanisms in human arterial smooth muscle relaxation induced by PACAPs, using contraction and patch clamp measurements on human coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells. PACAP27 and PACAP38 produced dose-dependent relaxations of 5 µ M PGF 2α -preconstricted rings...

... in humans. The highest incidence of CEC in rabbits and humans was in the left ventricle in arteries 150–488 µm in diameter. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated intimal location with smooth muscle cells surrounded by ground substance, collagen and elastin fibers in a highly organized pattern. Nerve...

...He Li; Jun-Ping Liu; Phillip J. Robinson Elevation of intracellular cGMP and activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) in vascular smooth-muscle cells produces relaxation, but mechanisms distal to PKG activation are not well understood. Few PKG substrates have been described in smooth...

... in tone resulting from hypercapnic acidosis. The issue has been further complicated by the recent discovery that nitric oxide (NO) may also be involved in vasodilator responses to hypercapnia with the result that, in some laboratories, attention has been focused away from vascular smooth muscle...

...Nancy J. Boerth; Nupur B. Dey; Trudy L. Cornwell; Thomas M. Lincoln Nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cGMP) have been reported to prevent vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and have beneficial effects to reduce intimal thickening in response to arterial...

... or guanylate cyclase. Moreover, inhibition of protein synthesis with actinomycin D (0.1 µ M ) and cycloheximide (10 µ M ), or dexamethasone (1 µ M ), an inhibitor of NO synthase induction, blocked this increase in the duration of the H/R relaxation. The results suggest that in smooth muscle induction...