... patterns (DAMPs) that can bind to multiple innate immune sensors, particularly pattern recognition receptors, thereby leading to inflammation. To avoid the production of DAMPs, in addition to safeguarding organelles integrity and functionality, mitochondria may activate mitophagy or apoptosis. Moreover...

... Complement system Keratinocytes Pattern recognition receptors The complement system acts as an efficient danger-sensing system, protecting the host from infectious microorganisms and maintaining tissue homeostasis by clearance of altered or dying cells [ 1 ]. A growing body of evidence indicates...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Checkpoint inhibitors Hepatic stellate cell Host defense Kupffer cell Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells Macrophages Pathogen-associated molecular patterns Pattern recognition receptors Primary cells Primary human hepatocytes...

...Ken Takashima; Hiroyuki Oshiumi; Misako Matsumoto; Tsukasa Seya Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) is a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes cytoplasmic viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and initiates rapid innate antiviral responses. MDA5 forms a filament-like multimer along...

..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Innate immunity Aspergillus fumigatus Pattern recognition receptors Cytokines National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 Neutrophils have long been appreciated as the essential cell type...

... or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. 2016 Host defense Immune response Neutrophils Pattern recognition receptors Phagocytosis Toll-like receptor Innate Immunity Myeloid-derived suppressor cells Innate lymphoid...

...Spyridon Makris; Monika Bajorek; Fiona J. Culley; Michelle Goritzka; Cecilia Johansson Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections. Immunity to RSV is initiated upon detection of the virus by pattern recognition receptors, such as RIG-I-like receptors...

... and fungi represent the key pathogens chronically colonizing the CF airways. In response, innate immune pattern recognition receptors, expressed by airway epithelial and myeloid cells, sense the microbial threat and release chemoattractants to recruit large numbers of neutrophils into CF airways. However...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Host defense Pattern recognition receptors Virology Interferon (IFN) was discovered in 1957 as an entity which interferes with viral replication [ 1 ]. It can...

...>Drosophila</italic> Host defense Immune response Insects Invertebrates Pattern recognition receptors Toll Toll-like receptor NIH Autophagy is an ancient biological process by which cells break down cytoplasmic material through the lysosomal degradation pathway [ 1...

.... Chemokines Macrophages Pattern recognition receptors National Institutes of Health (NIH) 10.13039/100000002 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and cigarette smoke exposure is cited as the most important risk factor...

... Pattern recognition receptors Sepsis Septic shock Toll-like receptor The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invasive organisms. It comprises humoral and cellular components endowed with different protective functions together with anatomical barriers against pathogens...

...Heleen D. de Koning; Anna Simon; Patrick L.J.M. Zeeuwen; Joost Schalkwijk Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) evolved to protect organisms against pathogens, but excessive signaling can induce immune responses that are harmful to the host. Putative PRR dysfunction is associated with numerous...

.... Inflammatory bowel diseases Pattern recognition receptors Nod-like receptor Interleukin-23 UKRI (UK Research and Innovation) Journal of Innate Immunity Review J Innate Immun 2011;3:585 593 DOI: 10.1159/000330913 Received: July 18, 2011 Accepted: July 20, 2011 Published online: September 7...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Epithelium Pattern recognition receptors Toll-like receptor 9...

... integrins, it appears that they may act as pattern recognition receptors important for the innate immune response. Several clinically significant bacterial pathogens target lung epithelial integrins, and this review will focus on exploring various structures and mechanisms involved in these interactions...