... this type of immunity, generating communities that thrive for the long term. Summary: These organisms develop features that render them less susceptible to eradication, such as biofilms and increased tolerance to antibiotics. Furthermore, after antibiotic therapy withdrawal, “persister” cells rapidly...

... factors and biofilm formation to establish a successful infection, and the emergence of methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant strains introduces additional challenges for infection management and treatment. Summary: Metabolic programming of immune cells regulates the balance of energy requirements...

...Mingzhang Li; Jinlong Yu; Geyong Guo; Hao Shen Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) biofilm is the major cause of failure of implant infection treatment that results in heavy social and economic burden on individuals, families, and communities. Planktonic S. aureus attaches to medical implant...

...Dominique E. Williams; Elizabeth M. Boon Pathogenic bacteria have many strategies for causing disease in humans. One such strategy is the ability to live both as single-celled motile organisms or as part of a community of bacteria called a biofilm. Biofilms are frequently adhered to biotic...

...Olivier Lesouhaitier; Thomas Clamens; Thibaut Rosay; Florie Desriac; Mélissande Louis; Sophie Rodrigues; Andrei Gannesen; Vladimir K. Plakunov; Emeline Bouffartigues; Ali Tahrioui; Alexis Bazire; Alain Dufour; Pierre Cornelis; Sylvie Chevalier; Marc G.J. Feuilloley Bacterial biofilms constitute...

... to common host clearance mechanisms that include killing by antimicrobial peptides, antibiotics, oxidative stress, and phagocytosis by leukocytes. Bacterial adaptation to the host is often evident phenotypically, with increased extracellular polysaccharide production characteristic of some biofilm...

... multicellular biofilm communities formed within the middle-ear chamber. Bacterial biofilms resist immune clearance and antibiotic therapy due in part to encasement within a polymeric matrix. In this study, the contribution of biofilms to bacterial persistence in vivo and composition of the NTHi biofilm matrix...