... + LAR group, capsaicin + LAR group, and tunicamycin + acupoint embedding + LAR group. Behavioral observation, ELISA to detect inflammatory factors in nasal lavage fluid and serum IgE, nasal mucosal permeability test, hematoxylin-eosin staining, PCR to detect Substance P (SP), Western blot...

... fluid (NLF) and nasal scrapings (NS) were collected pre- and post-CDA challenge. Substance P, neurokinin-A, and calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations in NLF were analyzed pre- and postchallenge at each visit. Their relationship with CDA-induced symptoms was determined by statistical analysis...

.... NAR patients showed a similar inflammatory cell profile in the nasal smears to AR patients which was different in controls. There were more tryptase- and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-positive cells in the nasal mucosa of AR patients, and more substance-p-positive cells were observed in NAR patients compared...

... degranulation, but also increase TNF mRNA and release de novo synthesized TNF 24 h later. The regulation of these two distinct pathways is poorly understood. Methods: Human LAD2 leukemic mast cells are stimulated by substance P. TNF secretion and gene expression were measured by ELISA and real-time PCR...

... mast cells) and much less LTC 4 (< 5 µg/10 6 cells). Recombinant human C5a anaphylatoxin and protamine induced histamine release from HHMC and HSMC, but not from HLMC. Substance P and morphine selectively induced the release of histamine from HSMC, but not from HHMC and HLMC. Compound 48/80 caused...

... and macrophages. Vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P and some other neuropeptides, that are recognized by distinct sets of cell surface receptors, regulate aspects of T cell differentiation in the thymus, such as negative selection, and contribute to mediating compartmental immune responses. The latter...

...Katrin Schierhorn; Tilo Brunnée; Klaus-Detlev Schultz; Volker Jahnke; Gert Kunkel There is growing evidence that substance P (SP) is one of the main neuropeptides involved in neurogenic inflammation of the airways. However, a number of studies were not able to demonstrate histamine release from...

... was significantly reduced by systemic capsaicin pretreatment (125 mg/kg) but to a lesser extent by perivagal capsaicin. Substance P (SP) antagonists (SP 4-11 and CP 96.345) and atropine were also able to shorten the duration of the antigen-challenge-induced alteration of intestinal motility. It is concluded that SP...

...Sanae Tomoe; Itsuo Iwamoto; Hisao Tomioka; Sho Yoshida It has recently been shown that substance P induces neutrophil infiltration in the skin, which is mediated through mast cell degranulation. Since substance P activates both skin mast cells and vascular endothelial cells, we compared...

...Motohiro Kurosawa; Takeshi Hisada; Tamotsu Ishizuka Rat peritoneal mast cells purified on a Percoll gradient were challenged with substance P (SP) and the effect of phospholipase A 2 inhibitor ONO-RS-082 on SP-induced histamine release from the cells was investigated. 10 –– 5 mol/l SP caused...

...Hiroichi Nagai; Masahiko Kondo; Akihide Koda; Shin Nakamura; Michiko Hashimoto; Yukiyoshi Yanagihara; Michio Daikoku The responsiveness of isolated Japanese monkey ( Macaca fuscata ) tracheal muscle to antigen, carbachol, histamine, leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ), U-46619 and substance P (SP...

...Shukou Kokumai; Takahisa Imamura; Keisuke Masuyama; Takeshi Kambara; Takeru Ishikawa To elucidate the effect of capsaicin-sensitive nerve fibers, which are known to contain substance P (SP) and other sensory neuropeptides, on the sneezing reflex, we have investigated the effect of capsaicin...

...-estradiol augmented secretion of histamine and serotonin, starting at 1 μ M and in a dose-dependent manner, whether stimulated by the mast cell secretagogue compound 48/80 or the neuropeptide substance P. However, 17β-estradiol did not augment mast cell secretion stimulated by immunoglobulin E and specific...

... weeks. Effects of PKGM on cutaneous inflammation were evaluated by histopathological analysis. Local expression levels of substance P and proinflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. Results: An increase in scratching behavior was evident from 6 weeks of age in control mice, but this symptom...

... of mild asthma (model I) and severe asthma (model II) in guinea pigs, and investigated the function of neurokinins in both models. Methods: In models I and II, systemically sensitized guinea pigs were made to inhale ovalbumin once and three times, respectively. Substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA...

... causes the release of substance P (SP). Therefore, SP may play an etiological role in the mechanisms underlying AD. Methods: Changes in the number of mast cells and SP-containing mast cells in lesional skin, and the serum concentrations of SP and IgE during the development of AD-like disease up to 8...

...-induced skin wheal responses, while various forms of stress enhanced those responses in allergic patients. Moreover, enhancement and reduction in allergen-induced skin wheal responses are associated with up- and down-regulation of plasma levels of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP...

... levels of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in patients with AEDS. These results indicate that microwave radiation from mobile phones may enhance allergen-induced wheal responses in association with the release of SP and VIP. This finding may be useful in elucidating...

.... Using a special tissue culture system the influence of ozone (0.1 ppm/24 h) on nasal mucosa from allergic and nonallergic patients undergoing surgery for chronic nasal obstruction was examined. Substance P (SP)-immunoreactive nerves were found in air-exposed as well as in ozone-exposed tissue samples...

... and in the immune systems of the skin. To address this question, we have analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of autocrine induction of substance P (SP) by cultured normal human fibroblasts that compose the major population of the skin and might augment stress-induced skin inflammatory responses. In nonstimulated...