Cytokines and cytokine antagonists have important roles in controlling the type of immune response generated. These mediators have the most profound effects if used at the initiation of an immune response. For example, IL-4 and IL-12 are important determinants in the generation of Th1 and Th2 cells, respectively, in both murine and human systems. One critical question that relates to human pathogenesis is whether Th1- and Th2-type cells can be altered after disease is initiated. Data will be presented showing how cytokines can change the types of cytokines produced from established Th1 and Th2 cells. Moreover, intracellular staining of cytokines was done to more accurately define whether cytokine production was altered on a single cell basis. These studies may have implications for immune manipulation for established allergic or autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:
CD4+, T cell differentiation, IL-4, IL-12, Th1 cells, Th2 cells
This content is only available via PDF.
© 1997 S. Karger AG, Basel
1997
Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer
Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
You do not currently have access to this content.