... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Central precocious puberty Testosterone Estradiol GnRH analog The youngest documented case of central...

...Jure Krasic; Aleksandra Fucic; Nino Sincic; Nada Sindicic Dessardo; Mirta Starcevic; Vedrana Guszak; Marcello Ceppi; Marco Bruzzone; Sasa Kralik Estradiol (E), testosterone (T), and their ratio are crucial axis in life. Especially during intrauterine growth, they orchestrate the complex development...

...Samantha Lai-Ka Lee; Angelina Lim; Craig Munns; Peter J. Simm; Margaret Zacharin Objective: To evaluate the impact of pubertal induction with testosterone on bone health, body composition, and motor function in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) receiving long-term glucocorticoid. Study...

..., estradiol, and testosterone. The existence of minipuberty has been known for >40 years, but we still do not fully understand why it takes place. Current thinking suggests that it is an essential imprinting period for different body functions. Firstly, minipuberty plays an important role in genital organ...

...Marianna Rita Stancampiano; Angela K. Lucas-Herald; Gianni Russo; Alan D. Rogol; S. Faisal Ahmed Background: In adolescents, testosterone may have several effects including promotion of secondary sexual characteristics and pubertal growth, attainment of optimal muscle mass and peak bone mass...

...Reeli Tamme; Jaak Jürimäe; Evelin Mäestu; Liina Remmel; Priit Purge; Eva Mengel; Vallo Tillmann Background: Cross-sectional studies have associated serum testosterone with bone mineral density (BMD). However, there is a shortage of prospective longitudinal studies in this domain, leaving it unclear...

... absorptiometry-derived bone mass. Results: Current median body mass indexes for the obese and control subjects were 37.4 and 22.9. Severe early-onset obesity manifested with lower free testosterone (median [interquartile range] 244 [194–332] vs. 403 [293–463] pmol/L, p = 0.002). Lower insulin-like 3 (1.02 [0.82...

...…and/or policing the binary male/female classification'. In a carefully worded and well-documented opinion running 160 pages, the CAS accepted that testosterone and subsequent lean body mass may be ‘the best indicator' of performance differences in male and female athletes but opined that the available evidence...

...Annette Mouritsen; Tue Søeborg; Trine Holm Johannsen; Lise Aksglaede; Kaspar Sørensen; Casper P. Hagen; Mikkel G. Mieritz; Hanne Frederiksen; Anna-Maria Andersson; Anders Juul Background: Accurate and selective assessment of testosterone requires use of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method, especially...

...Anna-Karin Albin; Ensio Norjavaara Background/Aims: To study serum testosterone and estradiol in healthy boys in relation to growth during puberty up to peak height velocity (PHV). Methods: Growth velocity was analyzed through testosterone (n = 41) and 17β-estradiol (n = 37) 24-hour profiles...

... objective was to investigate this activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in male very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants. Methods: Twenty-one VLBW boys (gestational age 26.0–30.0 weeks), participating in the NIRTURE trial, were included. Gonadotropin and testosterone levels were measured...

...Yvette Roke; Peter N. van Harten; Jan K. Buitelaar; Diederik E. Tenback; Yolanda B. de Rijke; Annemieke M. Boot Aims: This cross-sectional study investigates the effect of antipsychotic (AP)-induced hyperprolactinemia on testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH...

... Estrogens Testosterone Bone health Zachmann et al. [ 9 ] demonstrated that pubertal growth spurt in girls with CAIS resembles, both in magnitude and timing, that of females (table 1 ), but final height was intermediate between women (+1.4 SD) and men (–0.6 SD). Recent data in patients with CAIS...

... testicular volume was significantly greater in GH-treated boys than controls, but there were no differences in testosterone levels between the groups. Conclusion: GH treatment did not influence age at onset of puberty and did not accelerate pubertal development. In boys, GH treatment appeared to increase...

... and possible mechanisms for skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation will be reviewed with a specific focus on growth hormone and testosterone. Conclusions: Investigation of the mechanisms of action of growth hormone and testosterone in skeletal muscle will likely lead to new therapies to prevent...

... male body composition, to optimize the accrual of bone mineral content and muscle mass, and to promote physical and social well-being. Testosterone is the only sex steroid hormone suitable for treatment in hypogonadal boys as it fulfils all the physiological requirements. However, the optimal regimens...

... in the testes and converts Δ4-androstenedione (Δ4) to testosterone (T). The diagnosis can be easily missed in early childhood as the clinical presentation may be subtle. Any young girl with an inguinal hernia, mild clitoromegaly, single urethral opening or urogenital sinus should raise suspicion...

... replacement at the time of puberty has an important role in management. Table 6 Growth, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis evaluation, treatment, adult height, MPH, adult height SD relative to MPH and BMI of 7 X/XY male children Table 7 Gonadotropins and testosterone concentrations, treatment...

.... This is a cross sectional study of 365 school students (8–18 years of age). We analyzed the associations of sex hormones (testosterone, free androgen index, estradiol, free estradiol index) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with insulin resistance and lipid levels. Analyses were performed in prepubertal...

... in significantly reduced testosterone production in murine Leydig tumor cells; (3) MAMLD1 protein shares homology to mastermind-like 2 (MAML2) protein that functions as a co-activator in canonical Notch signaling; (4) MAMLD1 localizes to the nuclear bodies and transactivates the promoter activity of a non...