.... Alternatively, proponents of the “Energy Balance” hypothesis point to data implicating increased caloric intake, decreased caloric expenditure, gastrointestinal hormones, and microbiome changes as being critical for obesity. These two separate lines of research merged somewhat with the discovery of leptin...

... for pediatricians in terms of early identification. Src-homology-2 (SH2) B adapter protein 1 (SH2B1) is an important component in the leptin-melanocortin pathway and is found to play an important role in leptin and insulin signaling and therefore in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. Microdeletions...

... and puberty is leptin and its interaction with the kisspeptin system, which is an important regulator of puberty. However, peripheral action of adipose tissue could also be involved in changes in the onset of puberty. In addition, nutritional factors, epigenetics, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals...

...Christian L. Roth; Julia von Schnurbein; Clinton Elfers; Anja Moss; Martin Wabitsch Background: We tested whether leptin treatment affects secretion of satiety-related gut peptides and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is a regulator of energy homeostasis downstream of hypothalamic...

... compared to overweight children without ADHD. Methods: TSH, fT3, fT4, and leptin levels were analyzed in 230 children (60.9% boys, 9.3 ± 1.7 years old, 35.7% migration background). The children were divided into four groups (I = 26 overweight children with ADHD, II = 56 normal-weight children with ADHD...

...Sara A. Armaiz-Flores; Nichole R. Kelly; Ovidiu A. Galescu; Andrew P. Demidowich; Anne M. Altschul; Sheila M. Brady; Van S. Hubbard; Courtney K. Pickworth; Marian Tanofsky-Kraff; Lauren B. Shomaker; James C. Reynolds; Jack A. Yanovski Background/Aims: Animal studies suggest that leptin may...

... for clinical assessments comprising anthropometrics and metabolic characterization [2-hour glucose tolerance test, leptin, peptide YY (PYY), neuropeptide Y (NPY), ghrelin, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), and adiponectin]. Results: The level of insulin resistance was associated with BMI-SDS (p...

...Sabine E. Hannema; Jan M. Wit; Mieke E.C.A.M. Houdijk; Arie van Haeringen; Elsa C. Bik; Annemieke J.M.H. Verkerk; André G. Uitterlinden; Sarina G. Kant; Wilma Oostdijk; Egbert Bakker; Henriette A. Delemarre-van de Waal; Monique Losekoot Background: Recessive mutations in the leptin receptor (LEPR...

... years, range 25-38), assessed 10-28 years after ALL diagnosis, had higher percentages of body (p < 0.05) and trunk fat mass (p < 0.05), and a lower body lean mass (p < 0.001). Survivors had significantly higher levels of leptin and adiponectin and lower levels of insulin-like growth factor...

...Merel W. van Poelje; Monique van de Lagemaat; Harrie N. Lafeber; Mirjam M. Van Weissenbruch; Joost Rotteveel Background/Aims: In term subjects, fat mass (FM) is positively associated with leptin, whereas studies in preterm infants show conflicting results. However, none of these studies measured FM...

...Kamani H. Tennekoon; Jayanthiny Poopalapillai; Akila G. Karunanayake; Hasini D. Jayasinghe; Jayalath M. Kumarasiri; Ajita P. De S Wijesundera; Eric H. Karunanayake Background: Leptin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) promote fetal growth. Their availability is modulated by soluble leptin...

... is unknown. We investigated serum leptin and plasma ghrelin levels before and 1 year after (adeno)tonsillectomy operation in children. Materials and Methods: We studied 31 patients and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy control children. Auxologic evaluation and biochemical investigations were performed before...

...M.A. Donoso; M.T. Muñoz-Calvo; V. Barrios; G. Martínez; F. Hawkins; J. Argente Background: Modifications in body fat in obese patients during puberty determine changes in adipokines that affect insulin sensitivity. Aims: We hypothesized that the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio and free leptin index...

... bariatric surgery. Case: A 15-year-old obese female (BMI 42.2) who was unresponsive to medical treatment underwent gastroplication. Hunger hormone levels (leptin, ghrelin and insulin), weight loss and eating behavior were monitored at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Results: Weight loss was obtained...

...J. von Schnurbein; M. Heni; A. Moss; S.A. Nagel; J. Machann; H. Muehleder; K.M. Debatin; S. Farooqi; M. Wabitsch Background: Leptin deficiency is associated with severe obesity and metabolic disturbances. Increased liver fat content has been reported in only one case beforehand, even though hepatic...

..., and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Leptin replacement effectively ameliorates these metabolic derangements. We report effects of leptin discontinuation and resumption in a child with acquired generalized lipodystrophy. Methods: Intermittent treatment with leptin with follow-up over 5 years. Results: Pretreatment...

... glucose, insulin, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), IGF-1 and leptin after 1 and 2 years were studied. Results: Mean height SDS increased from –3.3 ± 0.7 to –2.3 ± 0.7 after 1 year, and to –1.9 ± 0.7 after 2 years of treatment. QUICKI decreased significantly (p = 0.008) in the first...

...J. von Schnurbein; A. Moss; S.A. Nagel; H. Muehleder; K.M. Debatin; I.S. Farooqi; M. Wabitsch Background: Leptin deficiency leads to midluteal-phase defect or reduced testicular volume in adults, despite normal gonadotropin levels. All children documented to date with leptin deficiency were...

... of glucose, insulin, cortisol, leptin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), galanin and ghrelin were assessed before (month 0) and after 18 months of therapy. Eighteen age- and gender-matched patients (10.78 ± 3.95 years) were enrolled as the control group. Results: Excess per capita weight of 2.3 kg was determined...

... thickness (SFT). Fasting blood samples were analysed for adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6). Results: The BMI standard deviation score (0.71 vs. 0.04, p < 0.05) and fat percentage measured by BIA (29.8% vs. 24.6%, p = 0.01) and SFT (31.7% vs. 28.2%, p...