..., including alterations in glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and low-grade inflammation are associated with birth weight. Many of these risk factors are related to overweight or adverse fat distribution. Since later cardiometabolic risk is often mediated by early growth pattern and later...

... pressure and glycemia; furthermore, in these children, less height gain was associated with reduced limb lean and fat mass. Birth weight Catch-up growth Lean mass Fat mass Body composition Children born small for gestational age (SGA) represent a heterogeneous group at risk for short adult...

... levels with maternal obesity, gestational weight gain (GWG), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the leptin gene, and the age-adjusted birth weight of the child. Material and Methods: Maternal leptin levels ( n = 740) and SNPs ( n = 504) were analyzed in blood samples taken within the Uppsala...

...Won Kyoung Cho; Moonbae Ahn; Yeon Jin Jeon; In Ah Jung; Kyungdo Han; Shin Hee Kim; Kyoung Soon Cho; So Hyun Park; Min Ho Jung; Byung-Kyu Suh Background: We investigate the relationship between birth weight (BW) and bone mineral content (BMC) in Korean adolescents. Methods: Data were obtained from...

...(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Adrenarche Adrenal androgens Adrenal hyperandrogenism Birth weight Growth Ovarian hyperandrogenism Prepubertal...

... prevalent among SGA and associated with smaller birth length (p = 0.000378) and birth weight (weaker association), independent of gestational age. Conclusion: IGF1R SNP rs4966035 is significantly associated with birth length, independent of gestational age. This and other associations suggest...

...Cristina Meazza; Sara Pagani; Benedetta Pietra; Carmine Tinelli; Valeria Calcaterra; Elena Bozzola; Mauro Bozzola Background/Aims: The role of birth weight on growth hormone (GH) therapy response in GH-deficient (GHD) children has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined the growth of 23...

... of reduced insulin sensitivity. Similar dysfunction has been observed in low-birth-weight mice produced from undernourished dams [ 3,4,5 ]. It has been proposed that the reduction in insulin sensitivity that has been observed during GH therapy may reflect an essential requirement for GH-induced growth...

...G. Iñiguez; C.A. González; F. Argandoña; E. Kakarieka; M.C. Johnson; F. Cassorla In humans, a direct relationship between IGF-I cord blood levels and birth weight has been demonstrated. To determine the placental IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-IR mRNA and protein contents in full-term pregnancies from...

...Murthy Korada; Mark S. Pearce; Enid Avis; Steve Turner; Tim Cheetham Aims: Low birth weight is associated with hypothyroidism and an adverse metabolic profile in later life. Our aim was to examine the relationship between neonatal TSH and birth weight, gestational age and sex. Methods: We compared...

... haplotypes was compared between the SGA group and the reference cohort. Results: No associations were found between any of the GR haplotypes and birth weight or birth length in the reference group. The prevalence of GR haplotype 2 (Bcl1) was significantly lower in the SGA group compared to controls...

...Elaine Dennison; Caroline Fall; Cyrus Cooper; David Barker Animal studies have shown that undernutrition before birth programmes persisting changes in a range of metabolic, physiological and structural parameters. Studies in humans have shown that men and women who had birth weights at the lower...

... where research is continuing, the sequelae of maternal growth during lactation are virtually unstudied. 3 12 2008 Growth Pregnancy Adolescent pregnancy Lactation weight gain Body composition Birth weight © 1993 S. Karger AG, Basel 1993 Copyright / Drug Dosage / Disclaimer...

... variation in order to identify those babies who are pathologically small. Maternal height, weight, parity, ethnic origin and the baby’s gender have all been found to be significantly associated with normal variation in birth weight. These variables need to be adjusted for to calculate the true growth...

... in children, even at pre-school ages, have shifted efforts towards the identification of very early factors that predict risk of subsequent obesity, which may allow early targeted interventions. Overall, higher birth weight is positively associated with subsequent greater body mass index in childhood...

...R.M. Reynolds; D.I.W. Phillips Recent studies in Europe, North America and the developing world have shown that low birth weight or other indices of abnormal fetal growth in babies born at term are linked with a higher prevalence of raised blood pressure, non-insulin-dependent diabetes...

...Jean-Pierre Chanoine; Louisa P.K. Yeung; Alfred C.K. Wong Objectives: To compare the relationship between cord plasma ghrelin and growth hormone (GH) concentrations and birth weight in Asian and Caucasian neonates. Methods: We measured umbilical cord ghrelin and GH concentrations in 180 full-term...

...Laura Gruñeiro-Papendieck; Laura Prieto; Ana Chiesa; Sonia Bengolea; Graciela Bossi; César Bergadá Objective: To evaluate the influence of gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) on 17α-OH-progesterone (17-OHP) levels with respect to their impact on the recall rate of neonatal screening programs...

... pronounced in the lower birth weight classes. Thus, the gender difference in fetal growth appears to be rather pronounced before the third trimester and relatively less marked towards term. In conclusion, the male conceptus seems to grow not only more, but also earlier than the female. Hence, some critical...

... Group Boys are heavier than girls at term birth. Children with a 46,XY karyotype and androgen insensitivity syndrome (clinically complete form and/or proven mutations in the androgen receptor gene) were found to have a birth weight comparable to that of girls. These findings support the hypothesis...