... and Israel. Diabetes was assessed by self-report and education was coded according to the International Standard Classification of Education levels. Verbal fluency, immediate, and delayed memory were assessed using standard tests. Interaction between diabetes and education was estimated from interaction...

.... Objective: We studied whether the relationship between brain structure and physical performance is independent of cognitive performance. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 297 middle-aged to older adults (mean age ± SD 65.4 ± 6.8 years). Memory function, executive function and physical...

...Matthias Kliegel; Nicola Ballhausen; Alexandra Hering; Andreas Ihle; Katharina M. Schnitzspahn; Sascha Zuber The interplay of cognitive abilities that constitute the process of ‘remembering to remember' is referred to as prospective memory. Prospective memory is an essential ability to meet...

... that the neuronal basis for learning and memory in teleosts, e.g. zebrafish, is similar to that for land vertebrates [ 11 ]. Both associative and spatial learning mechanisms were investigated in zebrafish [ 12,13 ], but knowledge about the neuronal substrate involved in cognitive performances was predominantly...

...Mary A. Luszcz; Kaarin J. Anstey; Paolo Ghisletta Background: Neither subjective memory beliefs, nor remembering itself, can be isolated from the overall context in which one is aging, nor are the drivers of memory complaints well specified. Sense of control is an important self-regulatory resource...

... of new neurons in the neurogenic dentate gyrus has been associated with memory impairments. Several mechanisms are known that might counteract this decline in cognitive functions. Here, we give an overview of ageing-related changes in neurogenesis in the brain of humans and rodents. We discuss possible...

... with this age-related problem. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of such systems as memory aids is seldom evaluated in controlled, randomized trials. Objectives: We evaluated the effectiveness of a memory aid system, the InBad (engl. InBath), for bathroom-related daily care. Conceptually, the InBad...

... on the basis of the presence of FoF. Age, gender, the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), fall history, the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale, the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised-Logical Memory I (WMS-LM I), the delayed memory test, digit symbol coding, digit span and verbal fluency were measured as potential...

... suggested reduced training gains in old-old age, recent results of an extensive process-based working memory (WM) training have been more positive. Objective: Following up on previous research, the present study aimed at examining the effects of a short WM training in old-old adults and the influence...

...S. Uchida; I. Fukuchi; S. Kato; M. Nakahiro; H. Yoshida The effects of blockade of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in rat cerebral cortex on learning and memory were studied by the use of passive and active avoidance tests. Injection of propylbenzilylcholine mustard (PrBCM) into frontal...

...Bernard Soumireu-Mourat Many brain modifications have been described in ageing: cognitive functions, learning ability and memory retention decline very frequently. It is not clear whether the observed deficits are related to alterations in memory processes (short- or long-term memory), in memory...

...M. Le Porcin Lafitte; J.R. Rapin Memory loss and similar cognitive associated dysfunctions are commonly recognized as being the most serious symptoms of ageing and dementia. In this work, a deterioration of cognitive function which is appreciated in old rats (learning test in a maze – or, in aged...

...Liliane Israel Two series of mnesic tests were elaborated for experimental purposes by grouping and adapting traditional memory tests. The first set gives an overall study of the individual by assessing his short-term retention abilities. The second set is more specific and measures essentially his...

... study was to examine the relationship between chronic pain and cognition [executive functions (EF) and memory], while controlling for mood, in cognitively intact older persons and in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Two groups of subjects participated: 20 older persons without dementia...

...., USA Key Words Culture Aging Memory Recall Categorization Cognition Abstract Background: Cross-cultural differences in cognition suggest that Westerners use categories more than Easterners, but these differences have only been investigated in young adults. Objective: The contributions...

...Anna Derwinger; Anna Stigsdotter Neely; Stuart MacDonald; Lars Bäckman Background: Memory intervention research with older adults has primarily focused on immediate effects of training. Little is known about whether memory training can prevent forgetting of a learned material over time. Objective...

...Gisèle Pickering; Eric Chapuy; Alain Eschalier; Claude Dubray Background: Clinical observations have reported that individuals with memory deterioration, like in Alzheimer’s disease, display a lesser pain sensibility than patients with no cognitive impairment. Objective: To clarify the link between...

... and verbal intelligence were examined twice with a corresponding time interval. Cognitive performance was assessed by well-standardized tests with a focus on attention/concentration, psychomotor speed, verbal fluency and verbal memory; mood status by two self-rating scales. Restoration of glycemic control...

... on everyday task performance is not clearly understood. Objective: The goal was to determine whether visual-processing speed, as well as memory and inductive reasoning, are independently associated with the time required by older adults to complete instrumental activities of daily living typical of everyday...

... was used. Results: Group performance on measures of hearing, memory, verbal ability and processing speed declined significantly. Decline in visual acuity had a significant effect on memory decline, but not on decline in verbal ability or processing speed. Decline in hearing was not associated with decline...