Abstract
Introduction: Remnant cholesterol (RC) is an important contributor to cardiovascular disease development. We aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity (PA) type on serum RC levels in Korean adults. Methods: We used data from the 2016–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and included 32,877 adults. Serum RC was calculated by subtracting the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels from the total cholesterol level. Hyper-remnant cholesterolemia was defined as a serum RC level of ≥30 mg/dL. PA was classified into aerobic, resistance, and walking exercises, which involved practicing 150 min of moderate, 75 min of high-intensity PA, or a combination of the 2, per week; doing resistance exercise more than 2 days per week; walking more than 150 min per week, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between serum RC and PA type. Results: Among those aged <65 years, the odds ratio (OR) of hyper-remnant cholesterolemia was 1.23 times higher in the group that did not perform resistance exercise than in the group that performed more than 2 resistance exercises per week (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.36, P<.0001). Among those aged ≥65 years, the OR of hyper-remnant cholesterolemia was 1.31 times higher in the group that did not practice walking exercise than in the group that walked for more than 150 min per week (95% CI 1.11–1.55, P<.01). Conclusion: This study revealed that resistance exercise in those aged <65 years and walking exercise in those aged ≥65 years were significantly associated with low RC levels in Korean adults.
