Background/Aims: While colonoscopy is indicated in patients >50 years old presenting with hematochezia, its role in those ≤50 remains debatable. This study aims to evaluate the role of colonoscopy in patients presenting with hematochezia who are ≤50 years old. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients aged ≤50 years who underwent colonoscopy for hematochezia in 2012 was conducted. Patient demographics, endoscopic details, and histological results were analyzed. Patients were stratified by age to compare differences in outcome. Results: A total of 361 patients with a median age of 44 (range, 18-50) years were reviewed. Hemorrhoid (n = 183, 69.6%) was the most common etiology. Seventy-two neoplastic polyps were identified in 48 (13.3%) patients. There was a significantly larger proportion of patients aged 41-50 years who had neoplastic polyps compared to those aged ≤40 (18.8 vs. 3.8%, p ≤ 0.001); 43.8% (n = 28) of the neoplastic polyps found in those aged 41-50 were proximal to the splenic flexure. The only 2 (0.5%) patients with malignancy were aged 41-50 years. Conclusion: Performing colonoscopy in patients presenting with hematochezia should be strongly considered for those aged 41-50 years in view of the significant likelihood of underlying neoplastic polyps compared to those aged ≤40 years.

Keywords:
Screening, Early detection, Early diagnosis, Endoscopic diagnosis, Colorectal neoplasms
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© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
2017
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