... Pliocene Hominin There are three ways by which the last common ancestor (LCA) of apes and humans can be reconstructed: one is to work backwards from the known fossil history of humans (and ideally of chimpanzees except they have almost no known fossil history); second is to work forwards from...

...Brigitte Senut Detailed study of a proximal fragment of a Pliocene left humerus and comparison with extant and fossil primates suggests that the specimen, although definitely hominoid, cannot be clearly associated with any known Plio-Pleistocene hominid or with any modern hominoids. 11 9 2008...