...Jeremy J. Raemaekers; Patricia M. Raemaekers Groups of monogamous, territorial gibbon apes (Hylobates spp.) are thought to interact through their loud calls, but there is little evidence that they do. We present evidence from observation of spontaneous calling and from playback experiments...

...C.R. Ruiz-Miranda; C.A. Archer; D.G. Kleiman Long calls are emitted by several primate taxa and appear to have multiple functions related to spacing mechanisms and reproduction. Yet, in some species the spontaneous rate of emission of these calls is low, and playbacks are used to elicit long calls...

... to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Lemurs Raptors Predation Playbacks Antipredator behavior Predator recognition Vigilance Madagascar Rain forest Brief Report Folia Primatol 2001;72:100 103 Received...