Hintergrund: Yoga wird weltweit vermehrt als therapeutische und präventive Methode angewandt. Ziel dieser national repräsentativen Umfrage war die Erhebung der Lebenszeit- und Punktprävalenz für Yoga-Praxis in Deutschland und die Erfragung der Gründe für die Inanspruchnahme von Yoga sowie der damit einhergehenden wahrgenommenen Veränderungen. Methoden: Von August bis September 2014 wurde eine national repräsentative Stichprobe von 2041 Personen ab 14 Jahren bezüglich derzeitiger und früherer Yoga-Praxis interviewt. Unterschiede zwischen soziodemografischen Subgruppen wurden mittels Chi-Quadrat-Tests analysiert. Ergebnisse: Die Lebenszeitprävalenz für die Yoga-Praxis lag bei 15,1%, die Punkt-Prävalenz bei 3,3%. Höhere Prävalenz war assoziiert mit weiblichem Geschlecht (p < 0,001), höherem Bildungsabschluss (p < 0,001), Berufstätigkeit (p = 0,047) und Wohnen in Großstädten (p < 0,001). Die durchschnittliche Dauer der Yoga-Praxis betrug 48,2 Monate, 61,7% der Befragten praktizierten mindestens einmal wöchentlich. Wichtigste Gründe, Yoga zu praktizieren, waren Verbesserungen des körperlichen (62,8%) und geistigen Befindens (56,9%) sowie der körperlichen (54,4%) und geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit (50,0%). Positive Veränderungen durch die Yoga-Praxis berichteten 89,7%, insbesondere größere Ausgeglichenheit (58,8%). Weitere 16,1% der aktuell nicht praktizierenden Befragten konnten sich vorstellen, in den nächsten 12 Monaten mit Yoga zu beginnen. Schlussfolgerung: Geschätzte 15,7 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland praktizieren aktuell Yoga oder sind daran interessiert, mit Yoga zu beginnen; darunter am häufigsten vertreten sind Frauen, Großstädter sowie Personen mit höherem Bildungsabschluss und Berufstätige. Fast 90% der Praktizierenden berichten positive Veränderungen durch die Yoga-Praxis.

Journal Section:
Originalarbeit · Original Article
Keywords:
Yoga, Querschnittstudie, Prävalenz
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