The histological and histochemical examinations of skeletal muscle biopsies of 120 patients with primary and neurogenic muscular diseases are discussed. The morphological changes observed, chiefly myopathic alterations and atrophy of muscle fibers, are generally nonspecific. The histological pattern and histochemical reactions in the altered muscle fibers, which are regenerating, splitting or necrotic, are similar in primary and in neurogenic muscular diseases. This is observed both in oxidative and in hydrolytic enzyme reactions. The differences found are mostly quantitative and concern mainly the frequency of these alterations. The nonspecific morphological changes which are the response of the muscle tissue to the various etiological affections, taken together, create a complex with an increased diagnostic value.

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