... participants with a former alcohol dependence, 29.59% had a current nicotine dependence. Participants who had ever been dependent on alcohol at some point in their life before and currently smoked their first cigarette in the morning within 30 min or less after awakening had a hazard ratio of 5.28 (95...

...Leena Subramanian; Leon Skottnik; W. Miles Cox; Michael Lührs; Rachel McNamara; Kerry Hood; Gareth Watson; Joseph R. Whittaker; Angharad N. Williams; Raman Sakhuja; Niklas Ihssen; Rainer Goebel; Rebecca Playle; David E.J. Linden Introduction: Alcohol dependence is one of the most common substance...

...-acetyl-homotaurinate). Clinical effects in humans have also indicated an association between increased calcium plasma concentration due to acamprosate treatment and better outcome relating to time to relapse and cumulative abstinence. In contrast, low calcium concentration in alcohol-dependent patients...

... informed consent to participate in the research, were between 18 and 60 years old, currently fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria of alcohol dependence, and had been abstinent for a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 30 days. The criteria for exclusion were the current fulfilment of any other DSM-IV substance...

... and alcohol dependence (AD) across ethnic groups. Methods: The rate of last year alcohol use, alcohol use patterns and AD was assessed in 4,635 Dutch, 4,317 Moroccan, 4,036 Turkish, 2,459 Ghanaian, 4,426 African Surinamese and 3,357 South-Asian Surinamese participants (both men and women) born in Amsterdam...

...Jelte Wieting; Mathias Rhein; Thomas Hillemacher; Ralf Lichtinghagen; Viktoria Hoppe; Lars Müschen; Alexander Glahn; Helge Frieling; Stefan Bleich; Marc Muschler Appetite-regulating peptides, such as leptin, are linked to craving and have been in the focus of alcohol dependence research for years...

... as needed, to reduce alcohol consumption in adults with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence and drinking at least at high drinking risk levels (DRL, > 60 g/day for men, > 40 g/day for women). Methods: Following the Screening Visit, patients recorded their daily alcohol consumption for 2 weeks. Patients...

...Olivia Schünemann; Johannes Lindenmeyer; Nina Heinrichs Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine predictors that lead to the utilization of Behavioural Couple Therapy (BCT) for patients with alcohol dependence (AD) in a -European health care system and to identify groups that have a low...

... or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Alcohol dependence Alcohol withdrawal syndrome Clomethiazole Diazepam...

...Karl Mann; Henri-Jean Aubin; Katie Witkiewitz Abstinence from alcohol has been the prevailing treatment goal for individuals with alcohol dependence (AD) within the context of specialty alcohol treatment. Yet, alcohol use has been conceptualized as existing on a continuum. Importantly, most people...

... or opiate dependence. Methods: Alcohol-dependent patients (n = 292), opiate-dependent patients (n = 309), and healthy controls (n = 301) were recruited from the Han Chinese population in Taiwan. Genotypes of TPH1 A218C and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms were analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction...

... of alcohol consumption, is predominantly eliminated by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). Reduced ALDH2 activity correlates with low alcohol tolerance and low risk for alcohol dependence. The ALDH2 promoter polymorphism rs886205 (A>G) is associated with decreased promoter activity, but a molecular...

...Roberta Agabio; Pier Paolo Pani; Antonio Preti; Gian Luigi Gessa; Flavia Franconi The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the number of women recruited for studies to establish the efficacy of medications approved for treatment of alcohol dependence (AD) and of alcohol withdrawal syndrome...

... an alcohol-dependence treatment in an outpatient facility. In the current study, the affective modulation of the cue-related startle reflex has been used to evaluate changes in the emotional processing of alcohol-related stimuli that occurred after a standard cognitive-behavioral intervention, and to assess...

...Henri-Jean Aubin; Jens Reimer; David J. Nutt; Anna Bladström; Lars Torup; Clément François; Jonathan Chick Nalmefene is the first drug approved for reduction of alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of treatment with nalmefene in alcohol-dependent...

...Gerardo Flórez; Pilar A. Saiz; Paz García-Portilla; Francisco J. De Cos; Sonia Dapía; Sandra Álvarez; Luis Nogueiras; Julio Bobes Aim: This cohort study examined how predictors of alcohol dependence treatment outcomes work together over time by comparing pretreatment and posttreatment predictors...

...), and alcohol dependence (AD) in particular, are prevalent and associated with a large burden of disability and mortality. The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence of AD in the European Union (EU), Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland for the year 2010, and to investigate potential influencing factors...

...Georg Schomerus; Herbert Matschinger; Matthias C. Angermeyer Background: Alcohol dependence is among the most severely stigmatized mental disorders. We examine whether negative stereotypes and illness beliefs related to alcohol dependence have changed between 1990 and 2011. Methods: We used data...

... in a significant reduction in the number of heavy-drinking days (HDDs) per month and total alcohol consumption (TAC) among alcohol-dependent patients versus placebo. Methods: A microsimulation model was developed to estimate alcohol-attributable diseases and injuries in patients with alcohol dependence...

...Julia F. van den Berg; Jolanda S.J. Hermes; Wim van den Brink; Peter Blanken; Nicolien Kist; Rob M. Kok Aims: Age of onset is an important criterion to distinguish subgroups of alcohol-dependent patients. This study investigated physical and mental health and social functioning of older inpatients...