The placental transfer of phénobarbital was investigated in 35 mother-infant pairs at birth. The drug was administered prenatally to the mothers for maternal epilepsy (group 1, n = 5),gestational hypertension and preeclampsia (group 2, n = 20)and prophylaxis of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature deliveries (group 3, n = 10). The phénobarbital levels in arterial cord blood were 100 ± 2.8% in group 1, 89 ± 21% in group 2 and 77 ± 16% in group 3 with respect to the levels observed in the mothers. The most important factor influencing the transplacental passage was the duration of maternal treatment in the infant of group 1 (r = 0.80, p < 0.01), the gestational age in the infants of group 2 (r = 0.74, p < 0.01)and the arterial cord pH in the infants of group 3 (r = 0.89, p <0.001).

Keywords:
Phenobarbital, Placental transfer, Breast milk, Pharmacokinetics
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1992
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