...Kimitoshi Kato; Hong Yang; Yvette Taché The influence of central vagal activation induced by the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, RX 77368, injected intracisternally on gastric mucosal injury produced by 60% ethanol (4 ml·kg -1 ) was investigated in urethane-anesthetized rats. RX 77368...

... assessed by 51 Cr release and in part by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Specific 51 Cr release was closely related to percentage change of necrotic cells assessed by TEM. Cell damage caused by 8% ethanol was greater in medium-containing calcium than in calcium-free medium. dmPGE 2 at 10 -5 M...

..., 10, or 40 mg/kg/day. L -NAME dose-and time-dependently enhanced stress-induced gastric ulceration but did not affect mucosal mast cell population. Ulcerogenic actions of L -NAME were reversed by L -arginine but not by D -arginine. Ten-day L -NAME treatment also enhanced the ethanol-induced gastric...

...J.K.S. Ko; C.H. Cho The mechanisms of adaptive mucosal cytoprotection by mild irritants were investigated in rats. In an ex vivo chamber preparation, application of 20% ethanol, 5% NaCl or 0.3 M ΗCl to the posterior side of the mucosa significantly protected that side of the stomach against mucosal...

...C. Blandizzi; G. Gherardi; C. Marveggio; G. Natale; D. Carignani; M. Del Tacca In the present study, the protective effect of omeprazole on gastric mucosa injury induced by ethanol •HCl in rats and the putative mechanisms involved in this action were investigated. Misoprostol and ranitidine were...

...C.H. Cho; B.W. Chen; C.S. Ho; J.K.S. Ko; S.K. Lam One of the ulcerogenic mechanisms by which ethanol induces mucosal lesions in the stomach is the depression of gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF). The goal of this study was to determine whether lesion formation is the result of vascular ischemia...

... study investigated the cytoprotective effect conferred on intestinal epithelial cell lines IRD 98 and IEC 17 against ethanol injury by the synthetic prostaglandin enprostil and compared effects with those of the histamine H 2 -receptor blocker cimetidine. Exposure to 3% ethanol (652 m M ) reduced cell...

...Giuseppina Morini; Daniela Grandi; Giulio Bertaccini This study examined the gastroprotective effect of (R)-α-methylhistamine (MHA), a selective agonist of histamine H 3 receptors. Gastric lesions were induced in the rat by administering absolute ethanol in a volume of 1 ml. Stomachs were removed 1...

...Helmut K. Seitz; Ulrich A. Simanowski; Gerlinde Egerer; Rüdiger Waldherr; Ulrike Oertl The presence of at least two types of alcohol dehydrogenase has been demonstrated in surgical specimens from the human stomach. One isoenzyme has a K m of approximately 1-2 m M for ethanol comparable...

...G. Letko; M. Siech The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) on the viability of isolated pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and its possible synergy with ethanol. The survival of PACs may be reduced by PLA 2 in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of 0.25 μg...

...Masafumi Kogire; Kazutomo Inoue; Shoichiro Sumi; Ryuichiro Doi; Mitsutoshi Yun; Hiromu Kaji; Shun-ichi Higashide; Takayoshi Tobe The effects of ethanol and wine on hepatic arterial and portal venous flows were examined in conscious dogs. Ethanol was given intravenously or intragastrically, and red...

... distributed in five groups. One of them was used as control and the remainder were subjected to absolute ethanol, stress, pyloric ligation or aspirin. Measurements of gastric acid secretion were performed. Pyloric ligation resulted in the maximal rate of acid secretion. Computerized morphometric analysis...

...C.H. Cho; B.S. Qiu; C.T. Luk; C.W. Ogle The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; given i.p. in doses of 1 or 10 mg/kg) on gastric secretion and mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage were studied in rats over a period of 30-450 min. The blood pressure was also...

...Manjit Singh In rats fed control and ethanol-containing Lieber-DeCarli diets for a period of 12 months, the bile did not contain any enterokinase, the pancreatic juice did not contain any plasmin or thrombin, but in animals fed high fat diet with ethanol, trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen were...

...S.H. Wong; C.H. Cho; C.W. Ogle The effects of serotonin (5-HT) or methysergide (a 5-HT antagonist), given intraperitoneally 30 min beforehand, on ethanol-induced mucosal injury and mucosal blood flow were studied in rats. 5-HT itself dose dependently decreased the gastric mucosal mucus content...

...P. Haentjens; A. De Backer; G. Willems The effects on cell population kinetics in the distal esophagus of an apple brandy from Normandy (Calvados), of ethanol diluted at a similar concentration, and of saline were investigated in rats. Animals were killed at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after a single...

.... Different degrees of mucosal damage were produced using ethanol and by varying the concentration (5–100%) and the exposure period (1–60 min). Exposure of the stomach for 10min to ethanol induced hemorrhagic lesions and a reduction in the transmucosal potential difference (PD); its severity and its magnitude...

... ethanol. The protective effects of these agents are abolished by the sulfhydryl blocker N-ethylmaleimide, while indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, caused only about 50% reduction in this protection. This study indicates that mucosal generation of prostagiandins contributes to the gastric...

...Marco Romano; Mahnaz Razandi; Kevin J. Ivey We evaluated whether ranitidine protects gastric epithelial cells against damage induced by sodium taurocholate, ethanol or indomethacin, under conditions independent of its acid inhibitory effect as well as of systemic factors. We also studied the role...

...C.H. Cho; C.W. Ogle; S.H. Wong; M.W.L. Koo The effect of zinc sulphate on stomach ulceration produced by ethanol and indomethacin was examined in rats. Oral or intraperitoneal pretreatment with zinc sulphate (20 mg/kg, expressed as zinc ion) strongly prevented ethanol-, but not indomethacin-induced...