Duodenal ulcers were produced in rats by continuous infusion, for 24 h of a combination of histamine and carbachol. The ulcers appeared only in the duodenum, not in the stomach. In some animals, a chronic gastric fistula was made. When gastric juice was allowed to drain outside (by keeping the gastric cannula open) during administration of histamine and carbachol, very few duodenal ulcers formed and these were mild. This result indicates that gastric juice, stimulated by the secretagogues used, has to flow over the duodenum in order to induce ulcers. In another study, gastric juice was collected at various times during the 24-hour administration of histamine and carbachol. Hypersecretion of volume and acid was found during the first 6–8 h, after which the values returned to the baseline of normal animals receiving only saline. Finally, perfusion of an alkali (sodium bicarbonate) through the esophagus prevented secretagogue-induced duodenal ulcers, when it was administered throughout the 24 h of secretagogue infusion. When the bicarbonate was given during the first 8 h only, the ulcers were almost completely prevented (from 87 to 29%). Bicarbonate administered after the first 8 h of secretagogue treatment afforded little, if any, protection. We conclude that in the rat duodenal ulcers produced by histamine and carbachol are due to transient (6–8 h) acid hypersecretion. Hyperacid gastric juice, flowing over the duodenum, appears to initiate the ulcers; once these have begun to form, they continue to progress in spite of normal values of acid or even in spite of neutralization of gastric juice, in this experimental model.

Journal Section:
Paper
Keywords:
Bicarbonate, Duodenal ulcer, Gastric acidity determination, Gastric juice, Histamine, Parasympathomimetics, Rats
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© 1972 S. Karger AG, Basel
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1972
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