...Adam Saleh; Shyon Parsa; Manuel Garza; Eamonn M.M. Quigley; Bincy P. Abraham Background: Considerable research supports an important role for the microbiome and/or microbiome-host immune system interactions in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Consequently, microbiota-modulating...

... been reported for lenvatinib. Diarrhea may be associated with the changes in the intestinal microbiome; however, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and diarrhea caused by lenvatinib via...

... implemented for IBS diagnosis and management, such as blood (serum), fecal, immunological, related to the microbiome, microRNAs, and some promising novel biomarkers associated with imaging and psychological features of the disease. We focus on the most commonly studied and validated biomarkers...

... articles in order to summarize major findings on novel biomarkers in the diagnosis of benign and malignant GI diseases. Summary: Genetic variations, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and microbiome-based biomarkers have been extensively analyzed as potential biomarkers in benign and malignant...

... resistance (IR), and the microbiome has not reached a consensus and lacks a systematic assessment. The purpose of our study is to evaluate, quantify, and summarize the association between these factors and BE risk. Methods: A systematic search of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed...

... will focus on the interplay between IBD and PS, with details on prevalence and phenotype of PS in IBD, genetics, pathogenetic pathways, and therapy. Key Messages: Microbiome seems relevant in both conditions: a reduction of beneficial bacteria has been observed. IBD and PS have in common some comorbidities...

.... Microbiome Brain-gut axis Inflammation Microbiota Duodenum Mucosa Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) such as functional dyspepsia (FD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are characterized by chronic or recurrent abdominal symptoms of pain [1], and in the case of IBS, associated...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Bile acids Microbiota Microbiome In recent years, it has become clear that the community of microorganisms...

... acid that activate the farnesoid X receptor and was antifibrotic in a phase 2 study (FLINT trial). Factors affecting the gut barrier function or the intestinal microbiome further expanded the repertoire of drug targets. In this review, we discuss novel concepts in resolution of hepatic fibrosis...

... and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Gut microbiota Microbiome Antibiotic therapy Dysbiosis  Inflammatory bowel disease The term gut microbiota...

... disease and gastric neoplasia. The development of modern nucleotide sequencing techniques and new biocomputational tools allow the possibility of studying the diversity and complexity of the microbiome in the whole gastrointestinal (GI) tract and overcome the limitations of culturing techniques. However...

... colitis Oxygen supply Hypoxia Hypoxemia High altitude Pressure chamber Hypoxia-inducible factors Inflammation Autophagy Inflammasome Intestinal microbiota Microbiome The crucial role of hypoxia as an inductor of inflammation has been studied extensively in animal experiments as well...

... number of non-redundant bacterial genes. Clinical data, treatment and all the factors able to influence microbiome should enter integrated big data sets to put in light pathways of interplay within the supra organism composed of gut microbiome and host. A better understanding of dynamics within human gut...

...Suzanne Devkota; Eugene B. Chang The composite human gut microbiomes of Western populations have changed over the past century, brought on by new environmental triggers that often have a negative impact on human health. Diets high in saturated fats and refined sugars and low in fiber are leading...

... of the fact that animals reared without bacteria, germ-free mice, do not develop bowel inflammation when challenged with different disease models and exposing these animals to bacteria induces disease [ 5 ]. Fecal microbial transplantation Inflammatory bowel diseases Intestinal microbiota Microbiome...

... responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Helicobacter pylori Probiotics Microbiome Following the discovery of H. pylori , a paradigm shift caused new therapeutic options...

...Simone Maccaferri; Elena Biagi; Patrizia Brigidi The human gastrointestinal tract harbors the most complex human microbial ecosystem (intestinal microbiota). The comprehensive genome of these microbial populations (intestinal microbiome) is estimated to have a far greater genetic potential than...